橡胶衬套的应用及耐疲劳性研究进展  

Research Progresson of Fatigue Resistance of Rubber Bushings

作　　者：朱微怡 郭建华[1,3] 蒋兴华 ZHU Weiyi;GUO Jianhua;JIANG Xinghua(School of Materials Science and Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510640,China;School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510640,China;Institute of Modern Industrial Technology of SCUT in Zhongshan,Zhongshan 528400,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学材料科学与工程学院,广东广州510640 [2]华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,广东广州510640 [3]中山市华南理工大学现代产业技术研究院,广东中山528400

出　　处：《特种橡胶制品》2025年第2期46-55,61,共11页Special Purpose Rubber Products

基　　金：技术领域基金项目(2023-JCJQ-JJ-0080);广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2024B0101040003);中山市引进高端科研机构创新资金专项(2020AG022)。

摘　　要：橡胶衬套具有传递载荷、衰减振动、降低噪音等功能,广泛应用于机械、汽车、石油钻探、履带车辆、国防军工等领域。然而,在实际使用中,橡胶衬套受紫外线、臭氧、高温、外加载荷等多因素的影响,容易发生疲劳破坏,导致产品失效,进而造成安全事故。因此,改善橡胶衬套的耐疲劳性是当前亟待解决的难题之一。介绍了橡胶衬套的材料组成及其分类,分析了橡胶衬套耐疲劳性能的影响因素和疲劳失效机制,从橡胶材料配方设计、加工工艺优化、衬套结构设计等方面提出改善橡胶衬套耐疲劳性的策略,综述了橡胶衬套的疲劳寿命预测相关研究,为高性能橡胶衬套的设计开发和寿命评估提供参考依据。Rubber bushings were widely used in machinery and automobiles,oil drilling,tracked vehicles,and national defense and military industries due to their crucial roles in load transmission,vibration attenuation and noise reduction.However,they were susceptible to fatigue druring practical usage caused by factors such as ultraviolet rays,ozone exposure,high temperature conditions,and applied loads.These failures could lead to product mulfactions and safety accidents.Therefore,enhancing the fatigue resistance of rubber bushings had become an urgent challenges that needs immediate attention.The material composition and classification of rubber bushings were introduced,the influencing factors and fatigue mechanisms of the fatigue resistance of rubber bushings were analyzed,strategies for improving the fatigue resistance of rubber bushings were prosposed encompassing aspects like rubber material formulation optimization techniques,processing technology enhancements,and structural design modifications of the bushings.Additionally,the research on predicting the fatigue life of rubber bushings was reviewed,providing a fundamental reference for designing high-performance rubber bushings as well as and evaluating their lifespan.

关 键 词：橡胶衬套 耐疲劳性 失效机制 应用 

分 类 号：TQ336.8[化学工程—橡胶工业]