低温环境下卷装静态破碎剂的物理化学性能  

Physical and Chemical Properties of Static Crushing Agents in Low Temperature Environments

作　　者：刘玉法 齐文超 梁潇 冉秋硕 刘磊[1,3] LIU Yufa;QI Wenchao;LIANG Xiao;RAN Qiushuo;LIU Lei(Faculty of Land and Resources Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Yunnan Kunming,650093;School of Public Safety and Emergency Management,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Yunnan Kunming,650093;New Blasting Technology Engineering Research Center,Yunnan Education Department,Yunnan Kunming,650093)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,云南昆明650093 [2]昆明理工大学公共安全与应急管理学院,云南昆明650093 [3]云南省教育厅爆破新技术工程研究中心,云南昆明650093

出　　处：《爆破器材》2025年第2期29-35,43,共8页Explosive Materials

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项(202202AG050014);云南省教育厅科学研究基金(2020Y0088)。

摘　　要：为揭示不同煅烧温度和恒温时间对低温环境下卷装静态破碎剂中氧化钙CaO的物理化学性能的影响,利用KRX-17B型马弗炉高温真空煅烧制备CaO熟料,使用扫描电子显微镜观察CaO熟料微观形态,通过外管法测试低温环境下破碎剂膨胀压的动态变化,并基于多因素多水平正交试验优化了静态破碎剂配方。优选的低温环境(-5~20℃)卷装静态破碎剂配方(质量分数)为:75%CaO,8%P.O 42.5水泥,6%钠基膨润土,2%CaCl_(2),2%石膏,1%减水剂,6%粉煤灰。结果表明:煅烧温度较低,会导致CaO熟料多孔隙和间隙,水化反应较快;煅烧温度过高,会使熟料孔隙收缩、间隙减少,熟料微观形态逐渐向致密状态演变;控制煅烧温度不变,恒温时间越久的CaO熟料活性越低。环境温度从-5℃增加到0℃时,膨胀压增幅较缓;当环境温度从0℃增加到20℃时,破碎剂的峰值膨胀压增幅较明显。To reveal the influence of different calcination temperatures and constant temperature times on physical and chemical properties of calcium oxide in roll-packed static crushing agents in low-temperature environments,KRX-17B muffle furnace was used to prepare calcium oxide clinker under high-temperature vacuum calcination conditions.The microstructure of the calcium oxide clinker was observed using a scanning electron microscope.The dynamic changes in the expansion pressure of the crushing agent under low temperature conditions were tested by external tube method.The static crushing agent formula was optimized based on multi factor and multi-level orthogonal experiments.The optimal formula(mass fraction)for static crushing agents in low-temperature environments(-5 to 20℃)is:75%calcium oxide,8%P.O 42.5 cement,6%sodium based bentonite,2%calcium chloride,2%gypsum,1%water reducer,and 6%fly ash.Low calcination temperature can lead to multiple pores and gaps in calcium oxide clinker,resulting in faster hydration reaction.Excessive calcination temperature will cause shrinkage of clinker pores and reduction of gaps,and the microstructure of the clinker will gradually evolve towards a dense state.Keeping the calcination temperature constant,the longer the constant temperature time,the lower the activity of calcium oxide clinker.When the ambient temperature increases from-5℃to 0℃,the increase in expansion pressure is relatively slow.When the ambient temperature increases from 0℃to 20℃,the peak increase in expansion pressure of the crushing agent is more significant.

关 键 词：氧化钙 卷装静态破碎剂 高温真空煅烧 环境温度 物化性能 

分 类 号：TQ560.7[化学工程—炸药化工]