某增材制造用铝镁合金粉遇湿热行为的研究  

Thermal Behavior of Aluminum Magnesium Alloy Powder Used for Manufacturing a Certain Additive When Exposed to Humid Environments

作　　者：薄晨琦 林建 孙华 肖秋平 商照聪 BO Chenqi;LIN Jian;SUN Hua;XIAO Qiuping;SHANG Zhaocong(Shanghai Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai,200062;Shanghai Research Institute of Chemical Industry Testing Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai,200062)

机构地区：[1]上海化工研究院有限公司,上海200062 [2]上海化工院检测有限公司,上海200062

出　　处：《爆破器材》2025年第2期44-50,共7页Explosive Materials

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2023YFC3010605)。

摘　　要：用于制造增材的铝镁合金粉遇湿易发生爆炸事故。为探究含水铝镁合金粉发生热失控的危险性,对铝镁混合体系的起始放热温度、比放热量以及在绝热条件下的放热行为与产氢特性开展实验。结果表明:镁质量分数为9%的铝镁混合体系反应存在2个放热峰;放热峰Ⅰ的起始温度随含水率的增大而提升至100℃;含水率大于17%时,放热峰Ⅱ的最小放热量超过800 J/g,失控反应的严重度等级为灾难性的;由于镁元素的添加,混合体系热失控严重度最大提升了200%;绝热条件下,66%含水率的混合体系氢气最大比产气量达到8.71 mol/kg,30%含水率的混合体系发生失控反应的严重度最高,最大比放热量为1878.69 J/g,修正后绝热升温为930.10 K。揭示了铝镁合金粉遇湿引发热失控的机理,为铝/水反应热失控理论模型的建立提供了有力依据。Aluminum magnesium alloy powder used for additive manufacturing may cause explosion accidents in humid environments.In order to investigate the danger of thermal runaway of water containing aluminum magnesium alloy powder,experiments were carried out on the onset temperature of exothermic peak,specific exothermic capacity,exothermic behavior and hydrogen production characteristics under adiabatic conditions of the mixed system.The results show that there are two exothermic peaks in the reaction of the mixed system of aluminum magnesium alloy powder with 9%magne-sium content.The onset temperature of exothermic peak Ⅰ increases to nearly 100℃with the increase of water content.When the mass fraction of water is greater than 17%,the minimum heat release of exothermic peak Ⅱ exceeds 800 J/g,and the severity level of the uncontrolled reaction is catastrophic.Due to the addition of magnesium,the severity of thermal runaway in the mixed system increased by up to 200%.Under adiabatic conditions,the specific hydrogen production of the mixed system with a water mass fraction of 66%reaches the maximum value of 8.71 mol/kg,while the mixed system with a water mass fraction of 30%has the highest severity of runaway reactions,with a maximum specific heat release of 1878.69 J/g and a revised adiabatic temperature rise of 930.10 K.It revealed the mechanism of thermal runaway caused by moisture exposure of aluminum magnesium alloy powder,providing a strong basis for the establishment of a theoretical model of thermal runaway in aluminum/water reactions.

关 键 词：铝/水反应 严重度 热失控 反应热动力学 

分 类 号：TQ560.7[化学工程—炸药化工]