促进或抑制:能人型村干部对集体经济发展的效应分析——来自宁夏468个行政村的经验证据  

Competent Village Cadres and Collective Economic Growth:Efficacy and Pathways--Evidence from 468 Villages in Ningxia

作　　者：谷华菩 张会萍[1] Gu Huapu;Zhang Huiping(School of Economics and Management,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021,China;School of Finance and Economics,Yinchuan University of Science and Technology,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学经济管理学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]银川科技学院财经学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《西部经济管理论坛》2025年第2期1-13,共13页West Forum on Economy and Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“欠发达地区村级集体经济组织参与小农户生产托管:作用机制与实践效果”(72463027);国家自然科学基金项目“欠发达地区财政扶持村级集体经济:政策影响与运行机制研究”(72063027);宁夏哲学社会科学规划项目“共同富裕背景下宁夏村集体经济赋能农民增收的长效机制研究”(24NXBYJ12)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：发展农村集体经济是实现共同富裕的有效途径。能人带动是欠发达地区集体经济经营发展的必要条件。文章运用宁夏468个村庄的调研数据,检验发现能人型村干部对村级集体经济的发展呈现出经济增长与社会整合的双重效应:一是具有从商经历的能人型村干部,依托自身经济资本的再生产,可提高村集体经济净收入和经营收入而形成“能人所能”的经济效应;二是禀赋公益责任的能人型村干部,经由提升村集体经济公共支出和带动农民就近就业而外溢出“能人本能”的社会效应;三是享有治理才能的能人型村干部,通过自身社会资本的再生产,带领村集体经济组织争取更多的资源支持和多样化的产业经营决策,实现了“对外汲取资源”与“对内整合资源”的综合,呈现出“经济—社会”效应的再生产;四是基于正式制度的异质性分析发现,能人型村干部对于集体经济的影响,在很大程度上依据村庄有无实施“一肩挑”制度、村民代表大会次数和村级财务公开程度等资本要素而形成差异,反映出能人有所能亦有所不能的现实。Developing rural collective economy is an effective pathway to achieving common prosperity.Competent village cadres are a critical prerequisite for advancing the collective economy in less developed regions.Based on data from 468 villages in Ningxia,this study demonstrates that competent village cadres have a dual impact on the sustainable development of the village-level collective economy and social integration.First,cadres with entrepreneurial competence enhance the net and operational revenues of the village collective economic entities,creating an economic impact termed the“efficacy of capability.”Second,cadres with public welfare responsibilities increase public spending and stimulate the farmers’employment,generating a“capability-driven”social impact.Third,cadres with governance expertise leverage their personal resources to secure more supports and diversified industrial investments for village collective economic entities,achieving a synergistic development between“utilizing external resource”and“integrating internal resource,”thereby reproducing“economic-social”effects.Finally,a heterogeneity analysis based on institutional frameworks reveals that the impact of competent village cadres on the collective economy varies significantly with the adoption of the“concurrent post system”,the frequency of villager representative meetings,and the transparency of village-level finances,reflecting the reality that“capable cadres have both strengths and limitations”.

关 键 词：能人型村干部 村集体经济 经济效应 社会效应 经营性收入 

分 类 号：F323[经济管理—产业经济]