组织化农地流转与中国式农业农村现代化实现的关联——基于行政权与产权关系互动视角的解读  

On the Relationship Between the Organized Transfer of Contracted Rural Land Management Rights and the Realization of Chinese Agricultural Modernization:Analysis from the Perspective of Interaction Between Administrative Rights and Property Rights

作　　者：班涛 BAN Tao

机构地区：[1]安徽大学社会与政治学院,安徽合肥230039

出　　处：《决策与信息》2025年第4期44-57,共14页Decision & Information

基　　金：安徽省社会科学基金项目“乡村振兴背景下实现农村治理有效的产权基础研究”(AHSKQ2019D054)。

摘　　要：中国式农业农村现代化道路是一条符合中国国情的具有中国特色的现代化道路。当前农村生产关系与生产力不适应的关键是农地细碎化以及经营单位过小,通过农地流转实现经营规模的扩大与集中连片耕种,组织化农地流转即是重要路径。从行政权与产权关系互动角度可将组织化农地流转形态分为政府主导型与村社自主型。政府主导型的农地流转在农业现代化方向上倾向于经营单位较大的规模农场,经营主体是资本,但其难以解决农业生产中的监督管理问题,使得其经营效率低下。同时,这一类型的农地流转因为经营主体为外生资本,会带来乡村社会结构的极化、乡村社会主体性的弱化以及村社集体的虚化。村社自主型的农地流转在农业现代化方向上倾向于经营单位比较适度的家庭农场,这些经营主体通过对技术、管理与机械化等生产要素的投入,以及家庭劳动力的集约使用来提高边际效率与总体收益。同时,其因为能为小农户提供社会化服务,促进了小农户与现代农业的有机衔接,因而对农业现代化有着正向促进作用。村社自主型的农地流转中适度规模经营主体多是乡村本地内生力量,正因为这部分群体的存在,使得乡村社会结构保持了完整,让乡村社会的主体性得以维持。此外,村社集体统筹作用的发挥强化了村集体,更为农村现代化的实现奠定了主体基础与组织基础。The modernization path of Chinese style agriculture and rural areas is a modernization path with Chinese characteristics that is in line with China's national conditions.The key to the current mismatch between rural production relations and productivity is the fragmentation of agricultural land and the small size of operating units.The expansion of business scale and centralized contiguous cultivation can be achieved through agricultural land transfer,and organized agricultural land transfer is an important path.From the perspective of the interaction between administrative power and property rights,organized agricultural land transfer can be divided into government led and village community autonomous forms.Government led agricultural land transfer tends to operate large-scale farms with capital as the main operating entity in the direction of agricultural modernization,but it is difficult to solve the supervision and management problems in agricultural production,resulting in low operational efficiency.At the same time,this type of agricultural land transfer,as the operating entity is exogenous capital,will bring about polarization of rural social structure,weakening of rural social subjectivity,and virtualization of village collective.The autonomous transfer of agricultural land by village communities tends to favor family farms with relatively moderate management units in the direction of agricultural modernization.These management entities improve marginal efficiency and overall benefits by investing in production factors such as technology,management,and mechanization,as well as intensive use of household labor.At the same time,because it can provide socialized services for small farmers,it promotes the organic connection between small farmers and modern agriculture,thus playing a positive role in promoting agricultural modernization.The moderate scale management entities in the autonomous transfer of agricultural land by village communities are mostly local endogenous forces in rural areas.It is precisely

关 键 词：组织化农地流转 农业农村现代化 行政权 集体土地产权 “三权分置” 乡村振兴 

分 类 号：F321[经济管理—产业经济]