早产儿神经发育障碍研究进展  

Research progress of neurodevelopmental disorders in preterm infants

作　　者：郝金斗[1] 农绍汉 周晓光 刘天钰 Hao Jindou;Nong Shaohan;Zhou Xiaoguang;Liu Tianyu(Department of Pediatrics,Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital,Shenzhen 518028,China;Department of Neonatology,Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital/Guangdong Academy of Medical Science,Guangzhou 510080,China;Department of Neonatology,the Eighth Affiliated Hospital,Sun Yat-Sen University,Shenzhen 518033,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市妇幼保健院儿科,深圳518028 [2]南方医科大学附属广东省人民医院(广东省医学科学院)新生儿科,广州510080 [3]中山大学附属第八医院新生儿科,深圳518033

出　　处：《中华实用儿科临床杂志》2025年第3期236-240,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics

基　　金：深圳市科技计划项目(JCYJ20220530155006013)。

摘　　要：当今社会, 儿童神经发育障碍发生率持续增高, 其中早产儿是最大的发病群体, 已成为影响全球儿童健康的重大公共卫生问题。早产儿神经发育障碍常表现为认知、运动、视听觉功能、社会适应能力及心理行为等方面的异常或障碍, 但在不同胎龄、不同年龄阶段, 以及发生不同并发症或合并症时其临床特点均有所不同。近年来, 拓展于目前所采用的"早期诊断, 早期治疗"的干预模式, 国外开始探讨高危儿神经发育障碍的预防性早期干预新技术, 并取得较好效果。现就早产儿不同胎龄、不同年龄阶段, 以及发生不同并发症或合并症时的神经发育障碍临床特点进行综述, 以期为正确进行早产儿预防性早期干预提供理论依据, 从而进一步降低早产儿神经发育障碍和脑性瘫痪发生率。The prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders in children remains high,and the largest populations at the highest risk are premature babies.Neurodevelopmental disorders in children have become a significant global public health concern,impacting the health of children worldwide.Neurodevelopmental disorders of preterm infants usually present as impairment or delay in cognition,motor,visual and auditory functions,social adaptability,and neuropsychological performance.However,its clinical characteristics vary significantly with the gestational age,life stage,and complicated comorbidity or complication.Inspired by the currently accepted early diagnosis and early intervention strategy,a novel preventive early intervention strategy has been developed abroad,which has achieved promising results.In this article,the clinical characteristics of neurodevelopmental disorders in preterm infants at different gestational ages and life stages,and with different complicated comorbidities or complications were comprehensively reviewed.The aim is to provide basic knowledge for the development of proper preventive early intervention strategies in high-risk premature babies,and ultimately reduce the incidence of neurodevelopmental disorders in this high-risk population.

关 键 词：婴儿 早产 干预 神经发育障碍 随访管理 预防性 

分 类 号：R72[医药卫生—儿科]