论类比与演绎的融合——兼谈中西哲学思维融合的一种可能路径  

Deduction by Analogy:On a Possibility of Unifying Chinese and Western Philosophical Thinking Ways

作　　者：余欢[1] YU Huan(School of Philosophy,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学哲学学院,浙江杭州310000

出　　处：《湖南科技大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期44-51,共8页Journal of Hunan University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：在对比中西之间的哲学思维时,人们通常认为中国古代哲学思维更注重类比论证的方式,而西方更注重逻辑演绎推理。类比思维与逻辑演绎之间的差异已经被很多人讨论过了,但是它们之间的联系却少有人注意。数学中的结构映射关系可以被用来形式化类比的过程,抽象和演绎过程也涉及这种结构映射关系。而皮尔斯符号学理论中的“像似符”及其相关观念,也可以为类比与演绎的融合讨论提供更多的理论细节。有鉴于类比与演绎之间的共存关系已经在数学哲学以及逻辑哲学中得到广泛认证,现在应该考虑将其扩展到中西哲学思维的融合中去。When comparing philosophical thinking ways between China and the West,it is often assumed that ancient Chinese mainly relies on analogical argumentation,while the Western people are focused more on logical deduction.The difference between analogy and deduction has been discussed thoroughly by many Chinese and Western scholars,while the connection receives little attention.The notion of structure-mapping in mathematics can be used for formalizing the process of analogy.It is showed that processes of abstraction and deduction also involves structure-mapping.Furthermore,the conception of icon and other relevant conceptions in Peirce's semiotic theory can provide more theoretical details for the integration of analogy and deduction.It is argued here that the integration,which already has been widely recognized in fields of philosophy of mathematics and logic,now should also be extended to the unifying of Chinese and Western philosophical thinking ways.

关 键 词：类比 演绎 结构映射 谓述 中西哲学思维 

分 类 号：B81[哲学宗教—逻辑学]