世界卫生组织病原体优先级清单及对我国紧急应对医疗产品研发的启示  

World Health Organization priority pathogen list and its enlightenment for research and development of medical countermeasures in China

作　　者：刘晓辉 廖梦俊 黄兴成 张军[1] Liu Xiaohui;Liao Mengjun;Huang Xingcheng;Zhang Jun(State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases,School of Public Health,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学公共卫生学院,传染病疫苗研发全国重点实验室,厦门361102

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2025年第3期519-526,共8页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(92369108)。

摘　　要：近日世界卫生组织(WHO)流行病研发蓝图发布了2024版病原体优先级清单。世界各地200多名科学家历时2年评估了1652种病原体的传播、毒力以及相应医疗措施可及性等方面的现有证据,遴选出33种可能引发下一次大流行的病原体,形成了病原体优先级清单。该清单提出了“家族-重点病原体-原型病原体”科学框架,强调了对整个病原体家族而不仅是其中某个具体病原体研究的重要性,以指导、协调相关紧急应对医疗产品(包括疫苗、血液制品、抗体、抗菌或抗病毒药物、诊断测试以及个人防护装备等)的研究与开发,增强全球对于未知传染病威胁的快速应对能力。本文简介WHO病原体优先级清单的科学背景和主要内容,以及对我国大流行准备紧急医疗产品研发的启示,以期为我国相关卫生科技工作者提供参考。Recently,the World Health Organization(WHO)R&D Blueprint for Epidemics released the 2024 priority pathogen list.Over 200 scientists around the world evaluated the evidences of transmissions,virulences of 1652 pathogens and the availability of medical countermeasures in two years.Finally,33 pathogens that could potentially cause the next pandemic were included in the priority pathogen list.This list introduces the scientific framework of"family-priority pathogen-prototype pathogen",emphasizing the importance of studying entire pathogen family rather than specific pathogen.The list can be used to guide and coordinate the research and development of medical countermeasures,including vaccine,blood product,antibody,antimicrobial or antiviral drug,diagnostic test,and personal protective equipment,thereby improving the global rapid response to unknown infectious disease threats.This article summarizes the scientific background and main contents of the WHO priority pathogen list and the enlightenment for pandemic preparedness in the development of medical countermeasures in China to provide reference for the disease prevention and control in China.

关 键 词：世界卫生组织 病原体优先级 病原体X 大流行 紧急应对医疗产品 

分 类 号：S85[农业科学—兽医学]