Conception and first results of the Russian National System of Background Permafrost Monitoring  

作　　者：Nikita E.DEMIDOV Oleg A.ANISIMOV Mikhail A.ANISIMOV Alexander L.BORISIK Valerian E.GOLAVSKII Maria A.GUSAKOVA Alina V.GUZEVA Alexander S.MAKAROV Anton P.MOROZOV Irina Yu.SOLOVYANOVA Alexander A.STEPANETS Yuriy V.UGRUMOV Daria K.ZAITSEVA 

机构地区：[1]Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute,St.Petersburg 199397,Russia [2]State Hydrological Institute of Roshydromet,St.Petersburg 199053,Russia [3]St.Petersburg Federal Research Center of RAS—Institute of Limnology RAS,St.Petersburg 196105,Russia

出　　处：《Advances in Polar Science》2025年第1期51-60,共10页极地科学进展(英文版)

基　　金：supported by the Key Innovative Project of National Importance“Unified National System for Monitoring Climate-active Substances”。

摘　　要：In 2022,the Russian Federation commenced development of a national system for permafrost monitoring.The conceptual design of this system reflects three objectives:(1)to collect data on the impact of climate change on permafrost,(2)to provide data for evaluation of climate-permafrost feedback,and(3)to provide input to a model-based permafrost data assimilation system.It is intended that the system will eventually consist of 30 active layer monitoring sites and 140 boreholes situated near existing weather stations.As of October 2024,the network comprised 38 sites spanning from the High Arctic islands to the Altai Mountains and across western and eastern Siberia.Among these sites,the lowest recorded temperature at the depth of zero annual amplitude is-11.3℃and the minimum active layer thickness is 0.3 m,as observed on the New Siberian Archipelago.In most boreholes,a positive vertical temperature gradient exists below the depth of zero annual amplitude,indicative of ongoing warming of the upper permafrost layer attributable to climate change.The annual maximum active layer thickness is observed in September with only two exceptions:at the High Arctic sites on Franz Josef Land and Wiese Island and in the low-latitude Sayan Mountain region,where maximum thawing is observed at the end of August.Talik was found in boreholes in Salekhard and Altai where the upper boundary of the permafrost is located at depth of 6-10 m.

关 键 词：MONITORING climate change weather station PERMAFROST active layer 

分 类 号：P64[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]