米拉多铜矿床地质特征及成因分析  

Geological Characteristics and Genesis Analysis of the Mirador Copper Deposit

作　　者：任涛 周生 谭开信 REN Tao;ZHOU Sheng;TAN Kaixin(China Railway Construction Tongguan Investment Co.,Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]中铁建铜冠投资有限公司,安徽省铜陵市244000

出　　处：《现代矿业》2025年第3期11-15,20,共6页Modern Mining

摘　　要：米拉多(Mirador)铜矿作为厄瓜多尔最重要的铜金属矿山之一,研究其地质特征及成因对于区域矿产勘探和资源开发具有重要意义。目前对该矿床的地质特征及成因机制的研究仍较为匮乏,限制了米拉多矿区及亚安第斯地区金属矿带的进一步勘探与开发。通过系统梳理前人的研究成果,并结合实际开采数据,对米拉多矿床的地质特征、分布规律及成因进行了综合分析。研究结果表明,米拉多矿床属于典型的钙碱性斑岩铜矿系统,主要受北东向断裂构造控制,呈柱饼状分布;矿床的形成与晚侏罗世早期(156.2±1.0 Ma)的斑岩侵入活动密切相关,成矿过程可划分为花岗闪长斑岩侵入阶段、角砾岩筒阶段和次生富集阶段;花岗闪长斑岩的侵入为成矿提供了热液和物质来源,角砾岩筒阶段形成了主要的矿化体,而次生富集阶段则进一步提高了矿石品位。研究结果不仅深化了对米拉多矿床成因机制的认识,还为亚安第斯地区斑岩铜矿的找矿勘探提供了重要的地质依据,对区域矿产资源的可持续开发具有一定的指导意义。The Mirador Copper Mine is one of the most important copper mines in Ecuador.It is of great significance to study its geological characteristics and genesis for regional mineral exploration and re⁃source development.At present,the research on the geological characteristics and genetic mechanism of the deposit is still relatively scarce,which limits the further exploration and development of the metal ore belt in the Mirador mining area and the Andean region.By systematically combing the previous research results and combining with the actual mining data,the geological characteristics,distribution and genesis of the Mirador deposit are comprehensively analyzed.The results show that the Mirador deposit belongs to a typical calc-al⁃kaline porphyry copper deposit system,which is mainly controlled by the NE-trending fault structure and is distributed in a columnar cake shape.The formation of the deposit is closely related to the porphyry intrusion activity in the early Late Jurassic(156.2±1.0 Ma).The metallogenic process can be divided into granodio⁃rite porphyry intrusion stage,breccia pipe stage and secondary enrichment stage.The intrusion of granodio⁃rite porphyry provides hydrothermal and material sources for mineralization.The breccia pipe stage forms the main mineralized body,and the secondary enrichment stage further improves the ore grade.The research results not only deepen the understanding of the genetic mechanism of the Mirador deposit,but also provide an important geological basis for the prospecting and exploration of porphyry copper deposits in the Andean region,and have certain guiding significance for the sustainable development of regional mineral resources.

关 键 词：斑岩型铜矿 矿床地质特征 矿床成因 

分 类 号：P61[天文地球—矿床学]