米拉多露天铜矿高陡边坡层状岩体预裂爆破研究与应用  

Research and Application of Pre-splitting Blasting of Layered Rock Mass on High and Steep Slopes in Mirador Open-pit Copper Mine

作　　者：周生 张鹏 邱贤阳[3] 喻智 ZHOU Sheng;ZHANG Peng;QIU Xianyang;YU Zhi(China Railway Construction Tongguan Investment Co.,Ltd.;China Railway 19TH Bureau Group Co.,Ltd.(Sucursal Ecuador);School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Central South University)

机构地区：[1]中铁建铜冠投资有限公司,安徽省铜陵市244000 [2]中铁十九局集团有限公司厄瓜多尔分公司 [3]中南大学资源与安全工程学院,湖南省长沙市410083

出　　处：《现代矿业》2025年第3期16-20,共5页Modern Mining

基　　金：十四五重点研发计划项目(编号:2022YFC2904602)。

摘　　要：为解决厄瓜多尔米拉多露天铜矿边坡稳定性问题,基于预裂爆破原理设计,开展了预裂爆破现场试验研究,科学确定了矿山上部采区层状石英砂岩预裂爆破参数。研究结果表明,相较于未采用预裂爆破的区域,预裂爆破区域残留半孔保存完整、坡面光滑;半壁孔率随线装药密度增大呈先增大后减小的变化趋势,坡面平整度随线装药密度增大呈先减小后增大的变化趋势,预裂孔凿岩精度对边坡最终形态影响很大;对于米拉多铜矿层状石英砂岩区域,预裂爆破合理线装药密度为500 g/m,对应孔距为1.0 m。通过使用预裂爆破试验确定的爆破参数,能在爆后边坡面上较好地保存残留半孔,有效保护了矿山岩体,为矿山高效、安全、稳定生产提供了理论和技术支撑。In order to solve the slope stability problem of Mirador Open-pit Copper Mine in Ecuador,a field test study of pre-splitting blasting was designed and carried out based on the theory of pre-splitting blasting,and the pre-splitting blasting parameters in the upper mining area of the mine were scientifically determined.The research results show that compared with the area where pre-splitting blasting is not used,the residual half-hole in the pre-splitting blasting area is intact and the slope surface is smooth.The half-hole rate increases first and then decreases,the slope surface roughness decreases first and then increases with the increase of the line charge density.The drilling accuracy of the pre-splitting hole has a great impact on the final shape of the slope.The reasonable line charge density of pre-splitting blasting in the layered quartz sandstone area should be 500 g/m,and the spacing should be 1.0 m.The blasting parameters deter-mined by the pre-splitting blasting test can retain the residual half-hole on the slope surface after blasting,effectively protect the rock mass of the mine,and provide theoretical and technical support for efficient,safe and stable production of the Mirador Copper Mine.

关 键 词：露天矿山 预裂爆破 线装药密度 爆破参数 

分 类 号：TD2[矿业工程—矿井建设]