建构“利未亚”:《职方外纪》与非洲地理知识体系的形成  

Constructing Liweiya(Africa):Zhifang waiji and the Production of Geographical Knowledge about Africa

作　　者：闫波桥 YAN Boqiao

机构地区：[1]北京大学历史学系,100871

出　　处：《史林》2025年第1期64-74,218,共12页Historical Review

摘　　要：耶稣会士汉文世界地理著述丰富并更新了晚明中国对非洲的认识,其早期代表作为艾儒略的《职方外纪》。此著承接利玛窦、庞迪我译介之洲名“利未亚”及相关介绍,实现非洲知识文本化,借此建构非洲形象。卷3《利未亚图》以地理新知绘制非洲样貌,《利未亚总说》塑造出非洲物产丰富、人文蒙昧的整体形象。诸篇分说凸显北非富足而忽略伊斯兰文明,称信基督教的黑人国家国泰民安、不信教国家落后而动荡,视非洲诸岛为航海补给站,塑造这些形象均为辅助在华传教。《职方外纪》建构的“利未亚”标志着耶稣会士译介的非洲地理知识形成体系,反映出西学东渐的深入与扩展,表现了欧洲人“发明”非洲的殖民话语。The present paper,delving into Zhifang waiji,a world atlas compiled by a Jesuit known as Giulio Aleni,concludes that"Liweiya,"the third chapter of this atlas,depicted Africa through the new geography and,at the same time,exaggerated the role the Christian faith played in the development of African countries.Overall,as it was observed,the production of knowledge in this book served Europe's missionary and co-lonial work and indicated that Westemn knowledge expanded further into the East.

关 键 词：“利未亚”(非洲) 西学东渐 中非关系史 《职方外纪》 殖民话语 

分 类 号：D829.4[政治法律—政治学]