李斯“从荀卿学帝王之术”探赜  

Rethink:Li Si and His Study of Xunzi's Art of Government

作　　者：把梦阳 BA Mengyang

机构地区：[1]上海大学文学院历史学系,200444

出　　处：《史林》2025年第1期87-95,218,共10页Historical Review

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“王霸论与战国秦汉国家治理思想研究”(21YJC770001)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：《史记》载李斯“从荀卿学帝王之术”。基于荀学的学术旨归,学者对“帝王之术”也产生了不同理解,如黄老君人南面之术、儒家王道学说与战国强兵定胜之法等。实际上,荀子所论“帝王”主要指尧舜圣王,既不是“无为”的黄帝,也不是儒家王道德政。结合荀子“法后王”来看,“帝王之术”是荀子对未来统一天下的圣王之政的构建。不过,李斯却将现实中的秦国政治文化作为“帝王之术”的真谛,故而赴秦求仕。《史记》重在塑造李斯“急功近名”而“物极而衰”的历史形象,故将其学“帝王之术”而背离荀门的事迹,作为他极贵而死的伏笔,这恰是《史记》子书特性的体现。The present paper,critically reading the biographical records in Sima Qian's memoir dedicated to Li Si in Shji,or The Grand Scribe's Records,contends that Shiji treated Li Si,who studied the art of government under Master Xunzi's instruction and regarded the political culture of the State of Qin as the epitome of his master's theory,as a utilitarianism incarnate and this stylistic treatment betrayed the characteristic of Shiji as zishu(the writings dedicated to masters of intellectual schools).

关 键 词：李斯 “帝王之术” 荀子 “法后王” 历史书写 

分 类 号：K233[历史地理—历史学]