从魏晋“法曹行参军”到隋唐“司法参军”:以地方司法审判权演变为视角  

Facao xing canjun and Sifa canjun:The Evolution of Local Jurisdiction from Wei-Jin to Sui-Tang Periods

作　　者：杨晓宜 YANG Xiaoyi

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学人文学院古籍所,200234

出　　处：《史林》2025年第1期96-104,143,218,共11页Historical Review

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“唐代地方官员的司法实践和社会治理研究”(22BZS028)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本文以司法审判权为切入点,探讨魏晋军府体系至隋唐州县制的转变过程,以及地方审判权的运用。魏晋军府因应时局所需,陆续在各地增设,逐渐形成军政、民政合一的地方统治模式。军府体系的出现改变了秦汉以来郡县制的运作,军府之下设立各类人员,法曹行参军即承担郡县制“法曹”的司法功能,结合军府的“参军”职称,成为地方司法审判的官职之一。隋唐统一后,削弱地方军府势力,重新调整地方行政与职权划分,将各地军府势力分为都督府与州县体制两种,分别治理军政与民政,府设法曹参军事,州设司法参军事。隋唐“参军”职称从地方军府体制重新划分至府、州之行政体制,非纯为军事单位的僚佐,部分转化为行政单位内的僚佐职称。The present paper,making a detailed analysis of the roles Facao xing canjun(the leading person of local judicial authority afiliated with the military government in Wei-Jin)and Sifa canjun(the civil officer superintending the judicial power in the govemment of super/prefecture in Sui and Tang)played,holds that the former embodied the militarization of local government,and the latter indicated that the local mili-tary government was seriously weakened due to the restoration of national unification.

关 键 词：法曹参军 司法参军 地方官员 唐代法律 军府 

分 类 号：K235[历史地理—历史学] K24[历史地理—中国史]