深空导航技术发展展望  

Prospects for the development of deep space navigation technologies

作　　者：李罡[1,2] 解放 吴一凡 卢鋆 郭树人[1,2] 刘迎春 宿晨庚[1,2] 杨晓珩 LI Gang;XIE Fang;WU Yifan;LU Jun;GUO Shuren;LIU Yingchun;SU Chengeng;YANG Xiaoheng(Beijing Institute of Tracking and Communication Technology,Beijing 100094,China;Key Laboratory of Smart Earth,Beijing100094,China;Innovation Academy for Microsatellites of Chinese Academy of Science,Shanghai 201203,China)

机构地区：[1]北京跟踪与通信技术研究所,北京100094 [2]智慧地球重点实验室,北京100094 [3]中国科学院微小卫星创新研究院,上海201203

出　　处：《测绘学报》2025年第3期397-409,共13页Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica

摘　　要：深空导航是保障各类深空任务高效实施的基础要素,随着地月、火星等深空任务数量大幅增长及行星际任务距离极大延伸,航天器巡航、掠飞、绕飞、下降着陆及星表面有人、无人活动等场景对导航提出了越来越高的要求。常用的深空网等手段难以全面满足多任务、高实时、自主性等导航需求。本文分析了深空任务数量快速增长、目标聚焦月球和火星、性质由探索向开发转变、距离不断延伸的特点,归纳了地月转移、月球和火星近星体空间及表面、超远深空3类典型深空导航需求,梳理了在用、可用及研究3类深空导航技术手段的主要特征和趋势,最后提出了深空导航技术发展建议,包括持续提升在用类技术性能,积极推动可用类技术试验部署,以及加强研究类技术的基础性研究。本文的研究成果可为深空导航相关技术研究提供参考。Deep space navigation is a fundamental element ensuring the efficient implementation of all kinds of deep space missions.With the substantial increase in the number of cislunar and Mars missions,as well as the great extension in distance of interplanetary missions,the entire process of spacecraft cruise,flyby,orbiting,descent landing,and surface activities pose increasingly higher demands for navigation.The traditional methods,such as deep space network,are hard to fulfill the requirements for multi-task,real-time and autonomous navigation.The main characteristics of deep space missions are analyzed,such as increasing in number,focusing on Moon and Mars,transforming from exploration to development and extending in distance.The paper summarizes three typical navigation requirements for cislunar transfer space,the outer space and surface of planets(like Moon and Mars),and ultra-far deep space.Then the paper studies the characteristics and trends of currently in-use,available and potential technologies.Moreover,the suggestions for the development of deep space navigation technology are proposed,including continuously improving the performance of in-use technologies,actively promoting the experimental deployment of available technologies,and strengthening the fundamental research of potential technologies.This study can provide reference for the technical development in the field of deep space navigation.

关 键 词：深空导航 地月空间 火星 深空探测 开发利用 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]