人口流动与地理通婚圈扩展“双重作用”下的农村养老模式调适——基于云南省一个农业村落的调查  

Adjustment of Rural Old-age Care Model under the“Double Action”of Population Migration and Geographical Intermarriage Circle Expansion——Based on the Investigation of an Agricultural Village in Yunnan Province

作　　者：代燕[1] 梁海艳[2] DAI Yan;LIANG Haiyan(School of Geography and Tourism,Qujing Normal University,Qujing Yunnan 655011;School of Law and Sociology,Qujing Normal University,Qujing Yunnan 655011,China)

机构地区：[1]曲靖师范学院地理与旅游学院,云南曲靖655011 [2]曲靖师范学院法学与社会学学院,云南曲靖655011

出　　处：《曲靖师范学院学报》2025年第1期22-30,共9页Journal of Qujing Normal University

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“地理通婚圈对家庭代际支持功能的影响研究”(21XRK004);2021年云南省中青年学术和技术带头人后备人才项目(202205AC160003);曲靖师范学院2022年校级创新团队“曲靖师范学院易地扶贫搬迁移民社会化与可持续脱贫研究创新团队”(2022XJTD002);曲靖市社科联·曲靖师范学院哲学社会科学联合专项重点项目“低生育率背景下曲靖市生育支持政策长效机制研究”(ZSLH2023ZD04)。

摘　　要：随着中国社会转型与经济快速发展,未婚青年人口流动越来越普遍,因此带来地理通婚圈扩展。在人口流动与地理通婚圈扩展的双重作用下,农村家庭养老模式受到了冲击。一方面,由于农村人口流动的不彻底性,流出地家庭被分割成多地的零星家庭。在此过程中,出于家庭利益最大化的理性决策,老人通常被留在老家守护家庭,农村家庭养老根基发生了动摇;另一方面,随着大量农村未婚青年人口外出流动及择偶,地理通婚圈扩展,不管是本地女性远嫁,还是本地男性外娶,农村青年婚后与原生家庭之间的代际支持功能都趋于减弱,农村养老遇到了新挑战。为此,一些家庭采取了“代际情感团结-代内利益交换”策略进行调适,对解决农村外出家庭养老问题具有重要意义。With Chinese social transformation and rapid economic development,migration of unmarried young people is becoming more and more common,causing the geographical expansion of the intermarriage circle.Under the double repulsive force of the population migration and the geographical intermarriage circle expansion,the traditional family pension model in rural areas has been strongly impacted.On the one hand,because of the incompleteness of rural population flow,the whole family of the outflow area is divided into many scattered families.In this process,out of rational decision-making to maximize the interests of the family,the old are usually left behind to guard the home front,rural traditional family endowment foundation has shaken.On the other hand,with a large number of rural unmarried young people moving out and choosing a spouse,the geographic marriage circle expands.Whether it is a distant marriage of a local woman or an out-of-town marriage of a local man,the inter-generational support function of rural youth and their parents tends to weaken after marriage,and rural old-age care has met new challenges.Therefore,some rural families adopt the positive coping strategy of“Inter-generational emotional solidarity—intra-generational exchange of interests”to adjust.It is of great social practical significance for rural families to go out and provide for the aged.

关 键 词：地理通婚圈 人口流动 农村养老 

分 类 号：D632.1[政治法律—政治学]