基于可达性测度的城市养老设施空间格局研究——以苏州市为例  

Spatial pattern of urban elderly care facilities based on accessibility measurement:A case study of Suzhou city

作　　者：牛金莹 吕飞 NIU Jinying;LV Fei(School of Architecture and Urban Planning,SUST,Suzhou 215011,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州科技大学建筑与城市规划学院,江苏苏州215011

出　　处：《苏州科技大学学报(工程技术版)》2025年第1期51-58,共8页Journal of Suzhou University of Science and Technology(Engineering and Technology Edition)

基　　金：教育部人文社科一般项目(23YJAZH094)。

摘　　要：随着人口老龄化问题日益严峻,老年人口对于养老服务需求越来越高,合理配置养老资源能够有效解决老年群体的需求,对促进社会公平具有重要意义。本研究以苏州市为例,探究机构和社区居家养老设施服务能力与老年人口现实需求的匹配程度,利用改进的两步移动搜索法,计算并分析五类养老设施的可达性;同时利用全局和局部莫兰指数分析,结合老年人口密度和老龄化程度对养老设施综合可达性进行双变量空间自相关分析,探究养老设施可达性在空间上的集聚程度。结果表明:(1)苏州市养老设施可达性存在明显的空间不均衡,机构养老设施可达性较好,社区居家养老设施可达性相对较差;(2)苏州市中心机构养老与社区养老设施服务供给不匹配,亟须提高社区居家养老服务能力,养老设施适老化相对较差。研究结果为优化养老设施的规划布局提供参考,也为其他地理空间格局探究提供思路参考。With the increasingly severe problem of aging population,the elderly population has an increasingly high demand for old-age care services.And reasonable allocation of old-age care resources can effectively solve the needs of elderly groups,which is of great significance to promote community equity.This study takes Suzhou City as an example to explore the matching degree between the service capabilities of institutions and community home care facilities and the actual needs of the elderly population.The improved two-step mobile search method is used to cal⁃culate and analyze the accessibility of five types of elderly care facilities.At the same time,global and local More⁃land index analysis is used to conduct bivariate spatial autocorrelation analysis on the comprehensive accessibility of pension facilities in combination with the density of the elderly population and the degree of aging,so as to ex⁃plore the spatial agglomeration degree of the accessibility of pension facilities.The results show that(1)There is an obvious spatial imbalance in the accessibility of elderly care facilities in Suzhou,the accessibility of institutional el⁃derly care facilities is better,while the accessibility of community-based home care facilities is relatively poor;(2)There is a mismatch between the service supply of central institutional elderly care facilities and community elderly care facilities in Suzhou,and it is urgent to improve the service capacity of community home-based elderly care ser⁃vices,and elderly care facilities are relatively poor in aging.The research results provide reference for optimizing the planning and layout of elderly care facilities,and also provide ideas for exploring other geographical spatial pat⁃terns.

关 键 词：可达性 两步移动搜索法 莫兰指数 空间集聚 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]