中药超声雾化熏洗机消毒干预效果及病原菌特征分析  

Analysis of disinfection intervention effect and pathogen characteristics for ultrasonic atomization fumigation and washing machine of traditional Chinese medicine

作　　者：张菊[1] 王璐[1] 王芃鹏 李小静[1] 陈西卉 曾凤梅 李刚[2] 黄燕春[3] 陈亚男[4] ZHANG Ju;WANG Lu;WANG Pengpeng;LI Xiaojing;CHEN Xihui;ZENG Fengmei;LI Gang;HUANG Yanchun;CHEN Yanan(Department of Nosocomial Infection Management,the First People’s Hospital of Longquanyi District of Chengdu,West China Longquan Hospital Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610100,P.R.China;Department of Traditional Chinese Proctology,the First People’s Hospital of Longquanyi District of Chengdu,West China Longquan Hospital Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610100,P.R.China;Department of Clinical Laboratory,the First People’s Hospital of Longquanyi District of Chengdu,West China Longquan Hospital Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610100,P.R.China;Department of Nosocomial Infection Management,the First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang,Lianyungang,Jiangsu 222000,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]成都市龙泉驿区第一人民医院(四川大学华西医院龙泉医院)医院感染管理科,成都610100 [2]成都市龙泉驿区第一人民医院(四川大学华西医院龙泉医院)中医科,成都610100 [3]成都市龙泉驿区第一人民医院(四川大学华西医院龙泉医院)检验科,成都610100 [4]连云港市第一人民医院感染管理科,江苏连云港222000

出　　处：《华西医学》2025年第3期412-417,共6页West China Medical Journal

基　　金：四川省中医药管理局科学技术研究专项课题(2023MS410);成都市医学科研课题(2022334,2023123);成都市龙泉驿区卫健系统科研课题(WJKY2024027)。

摘　　要：目的了解中药超声雾化熏洗机在使用过程中的污染现状及精准化消毒干预效果,为加强中药超声雾化熏洗机清洁消毒工作提供科学依据。方法2024年1月—2月,对成都市龙泉驿区第一人民医院中医科能够正常使用的7台中药超声雾化熏洗机的喷口、坐浴盖前沿、坐浴盖后沿和坐浴盖外沿4个点位使用前、使用后、干预前常规消毒后和干预后采取培训+固化消毒流程+改进消毒用品等多位一体的精准化消毒后4个时机进行物体表面采样,比较不同点位、不同采样时机物体表面污染情况及消毒效果并分析微生物检出情况。结果不同时机方面,使用前采集标本合格率为28.6%,使用后降至14.3%;干预前消毒后采集标本合格率为39.3%,精准化消毒干预后标本合格率提升为92.9%,干预前后物体表面标本合格率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=17.923,P<0.001)。不合格标本共检出细菌158株,其中革兰阳性菌121株(占76.58%),革兰阴性菌37株(占23.42%);检出细菌多为环境常见菌,前3位分别为海库克菌、西宫皮生球菌和黄色微球菌,常见院内感染病原菌主要为表皮葡萄球菌和大肠埃希菌,未检出多重耐药菌株。结论对于中药超声雾化熏洗机等特殊医疗器械,采取有针对性的清洁消毒措施方可确保其消毒效果,降低发生院内交叉感染的风险。同时,感染防控部门应加强相应的监督管理。Objective To investigate the pollution status of ultrasonic atomization fumigation and washing machine of traditional Chinese medicine and the effect of precision disinfection intervention,and to provide scientific basis for strengthening the cleaning and disinfection work of ultrasonic atomization fumigation and washing machine of traditional Chinese medicine.Methods From January to February 2024,samples were collected from the surface of seven ultrasonic atomization fumigation and washing machines of traditional Chinese medicine that could be used normally in the Department of Traditional Chinese Proctology of the First People’s Hospital of Longquanyi District,Chengdu.Samples were collected from four points,namely the nozzle,the front edge of the hip bath cover,the rear edge of the hip bath cover,and the outer edge of the hip bath cover,and at four times,namely before use,after use,after preintervention routine disinfection,and after post-intervention precision disinfection(including training of personnel,solidification of disinfection process,and improvement of disinfection supplies),to compare the pollution status and disinfection effect of the object surface at different points and sampling times,and analyze the microbial detection.Results In terms of different times,the qualified rate of specimens was 28.6%before use,which decreased to 14.3%after use;the qualified rate of specimens was 39.3%after pre-intervention routine disinfection,which increased to 92.9%after post-intervention precision disinfection,with a statistically significant difference(χ2=17.923,P<0.001).A total of 158 strains of bacteria were detected from unqualified specimens,including 121 strains of Gram-positive bacteria(accounting for 76.58%)and 37 strains of Gram-negative bacteria(accounting for 23.42%).The detected bacteria were mainly common environmental bacteria.The top three were Kocuria rhizophila,Dermacoccus nishinomurai,and Microbacterium aureum.The main pathogenic bacteria of common nosocomial infections were Staphylococcus epi

关 键 词：中药 超声雾化熏洗机 干预效果 病原菌特征 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]