黄河流域山水林田湖草沙系统治理的逻辑与路径  

On Systematic Governance of Mountain-River-Forest-Farmland-Lake-Grassland-Sand in the Yellow River Basin:Logic and Paths

作　　者：李玉红[1,2] Li Yuhong

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学 [2]中国社会科学院数量经济与技术经济研究所

出　　处：《行政管理改革》2025年第3期56-64,共9页Administration Reform

基　　金：中国社会科学院创新工程基础学者项目“黄河中上游地区水资源利用与高质量发展研究”(XJ2023011)。

摘　　要：山水林田湖草沙系统治理体现了人与自然生命共同体的科学理念,是实现人与自然和谐共生的基本要求。黄河流域是我国重要生态屏障,“山、水、林、田、湖、草、沙”各要素全部具备,对系统治理具有天然的内在要求。随着生态文明建设的推进和国家生态环境治理水平的提升,黄河流域在增强水土保持和水污染治理能力的同时,山水林田湖草沙治理重心向防风固沙扩展、从“林”向“草”递进,不断筑牢国家生态安全屏障。黄河流域生态环境保护和高质量发展应与山水林田湖草沙系统治理有机结合。坚持“四水四定”,以水资源作为统筹山水林田湖草沙系统治理的刚性约束;以自然恢复为主,自然恢复与人工修复相辅相成;统筹治田和治沙,避免出现各自为战;山水林田湖草沙系统治理与改善民生相结合,通过产业绿色转型提升黄河流域高质量发展能力。Systematic governance of mountain-river-forest-farmland-lake-grassland-sand embodies the idea of human and nature being a community of life.It is necessary for harmony between human and nature.The Yellow River Basin is an ecological barrier of China.It has mountains,rivers,forests,farmlands,lakes,grasslands and sands,which demands inherently integrated protection and systematic governance.With the promotion of national ecological civilization construction and the improvement in state governance of ecology and environment,the compacity to conserve water and soil and to control water pollution has been increased in the Yellow River Basin.Meanwhile the focus of governance is expanded to wind breaking and sand fixation,from forest to grassland progressively.The ecological security barrier has been consolidated.The ecological and environmental protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin should be integrated with systematic governance of mountain-river-forest-farmland-lake-grassland-sand.Firstly,adhere to four bounds by water,and water is the key constraint of systematic governance of mountain-river-forest-farmland-lake-grassland-sand.Secondly,ecological system recovers spontaneously and is assisted with repairment projects.Thirdly plan farmland protection and sand fixation overall.Lastly systematic governance is combined with improving people’s livelihood,and build up local ability of high-quality development by industrial green transformation.

关 键 词：山水林田湖草沙 系统治理 水资源 防风固沙 高质量发展 

分 类 号：D63[政治法律—政治学]