珠海市市售水产品中常见重金属含量监测及初步膳食暴露风险评估  

Monitoring of common heavy metals in sold aquatic products and preliminary dietary exposure risk assessment in Zhuhai City

作　　者：郑正男 张秋平[1] 朱婷婷 任亮 陈丹丹[1] 朱华媚 朱妹芳[1] 凌莉[1] ZHENG Zhengnan;ZHANG Qiuping;ZHU Tingting;REN Liang;CHEN Dandan;ZHU Huamei;ZHU Meifang;LING Li(Zhuhai Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangdong Zhuhai 519000,China)

机构地区：[1]珠海市疾病预防控制中心,广东珠海519000

出　　处：《中国食品卫生杂志》2024年第12期1366-1372,共7页Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene

基　　金：2023年度珠海市社会发展领域科技计划项目(2320004000098)。

摘　　要：目的了解珠海市市售水产品中铅、镉、甲基汞、无机砷、铬的污染状况,并评估其膳食暴露风险。方法在2018—2022年采集珠海市666份市售水产品样本,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)和液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱法(LC-ICP-MS)检测样品中铅、镉、甲基汞、无机砷、铬的含量,采用单因子污染指数(Pi)和内梅罗污染指数(P_(n))对水产品中重金属污染进行评价,结合珠海市居民膳食摄入量用点评估方法评估其潜在危险。结果贝类的铅、镉、无机砷和铬含量水平最高,鱼类的甲基汞含量水平最高;4种水产品的P_(n)均处于安全水平,但贝类和头足类的P_镉处于轻度污染水平;铅、镉、甲基汞、无机砷、铬5种重金属元素的平均膳食暴露量和高端膳食暴露量对居民健康水平均可接受。结论珠海市部分市售水产品存在一定程度的镉污染情况,尤其需关注贝类和头足类,同时需要加强对高消费人群镉和甲基汞的膳食暴露风险监测,进一步开展累积暴露风险评估。Objective To investigate the pollution states of lead,cadmium,methyl mercury,inorganic arsenic and chromium for sold aquatic products in Zhuhai City,and to assess their exposure risk.Methods The total of 666 sold aquatic products samples in Zhuhai City were collected during 2018—2022.The level of lead,cadmium,methyl mercury,inorganic arsenic and chromium in samples were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)and liquid chromatograph inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(LC-ICP-MS),evaluated by the method of single-factor pollution index and Nemerow integrated pollution index,based on the dietary intake of residents in Zhuhai to assess its potential health hazard.Results Shellfish had the highest levels of lead,cadmium,inorganic arsenic,chromium and fish had the highest levels of methylmercury.The P_(n)of the four aquatic products was at safe levels,but the Pcadmium of shellfish and cephalopods was mildly contaminated.The average dietary exposures and high-end dietary exposures of lead,cadmium,methylmercury,inorganic arsenic,and chromium to health of resident were acceptable.Conclusion There has been the varying degrees of cadmium pollution of sold aquatic products in Zhuhai City,especially shellfish and cephalopod.It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of dietary exposure risk of highconsumption groups in cadmium and methyl mercury,and to further carry out cumulative exposure risk assessment.

关 键 词：珠海 水产品 重金属 膳食暴露 风险评估 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]