药型罩材料技术研究进展  

Progress in the Materials for Shaped Charge Liners

作　　者：刘扬[1] 范怡静 沈伟建 王睿鑫 陈进[1] 唐宇[2] LIU Yang;FAN Yijing;SHEN Weijian;WANG Ruixin;CHEN Jin;TANG Yu(Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute,Xi'an 710065,China;College of Aerospace Science and Engineering,National University of Defense and Technology,Changsha 410073,China)

机构地区：[1]西安近代化学研究所,西安710065 [2]国防科技大学空天科学学院,长沙410073

出　　处：《材料导报》2025年第7期145-153,共9页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52171166)。

摘　　要：以药型罩为主要部件的聚能战斗部是小型智能飞行器打击装甲、地堡等目标的主要手段。本文基于药型罩的侵彻机理和“高穿深、大扩孔、强后效”的发展趋势,首先从药型罩的增效方式入手,综述了结构设计及惰性材料改性等传统方式的效果,并明确了传统增效方式在实现药型罩纵向和径向毁伤能力同步提升方面的不足;其次,对释能结构材料增强药型罩技术的研究现状进行了综述,通过相关研究说明了采用释能结构材料可有效增强药型罩综合毁伤威力,同时明确了传统释能结构材料在综合力学性能方面的不足;最后,介绍了多主元合金的基本概念及其在释能结构材料增强药型罩技术领域的应用潜力。本文既可为新一代高毁伤药型罩及其材料发展提供借鉴,也可为新型材料的应用提供新的思路。The shaped warhead,with the main component of shaped charge liner,is the primary means for drones to damage armor,bunkers,and other targets.The present review is based on the penetration mechanism of shaped charge liners and the development tendency of‘high penetration,large reaming and strong aftereffect'.It first outlines the conventional methods such as structural designing and inert material modification for enhancing damage capabilities of shaped charge liners,and reveals the inadequacy of these conventional methods in simultaneously promoting longitudinal and lateral damage capability.It second describes the current research status of energetic structural materials for enhanced shaped charge liners,demonstrating their effectiveness in enhancing comprehensive damage effect while also clarifying their limitations in comprehensive mechanical properties.It finally states the basic concept of multi-principal element alloys and their applicative potential in energetic structural materials for shaped charge liners.This paper can not only serve as a reference for developing new generation high-damage shaped charge liner and materials but also provide new insight for their applicative research.

关 键 词：药型罩 释能结构材料 侵彻 后效 高效毁伤 多主元合金 

分 类 号：TB31[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] O77[理学—晶体学]