考虑构网型储能换流器稳定边界的全阶小信号建模及频率支撑特性分析  

Full-order small-signal modeling and frequency support characterization for grid-forming energy storage converter considering its stability boundary

作　　者：杨健[1] 苏小玲 陈来军[1,2] 赵正奎 杨军 YANG Jian;SU Xiaoling;CHEN Laijun;ZHAO Zhengkui;YANG Jun(Key Laboratory of Intelligent Operation of New Energy Power System of Ministry of Education,School of Energy and Electrical Engineering,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Department of Electrical Engineering and Applied Electronics,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Electric Power Research Institute,State Grid Qinghai Electric Power Company,Xining 810001,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学能源与电气工程学院新能源电力系统智慧运行教育部重点实验室,青海西宁810016 [2]清华大学电机工程与应用电子技术系,北京100084 [3]国网青海省电力公司电力科学研究院,青海西宁810001

出　　处：《热力发电》2025年第3期1-11,共11页Thermal Power Generation

基　　金：青海省基础研究计划项目(2022-ZJ-935Q);国家自然科学基金项目(52167022)。

摘　　要：构网型储能是解决新能源大规模接入电网调频资源不足、抗扰动能力下降等问题的关键。受其固有的功率耦合特性影响,构网型换流器对系统的支撑能力受到极大限制,参数设置不合理极易出现功率超调、振荡甚至失稳等问题。对此,首先建立了构网型储能换流器并网系统全阶小信号模型,根据输出功率状态空间模型及其特征根,分析构网型储能换流器频率响应特性。在此基础上,通过状态空间矩阵参数灵敏度及参与因子分析,给出了构网型储能换流器稳定边界,明确了构网型储能换流器关键参数对其动态功率耦合、频率支撑等涉网特性的影响。仿真和半实物实验结果验证了理论分析的正确性和可行性,为构网型储能换流器并网参数设计及稳定运行提供了依据。Grid-forming energy storage system is expected to solve the problems like insufficient frequency modulation resources and disturbance resistance decline of large-scale new energy-based power grid.However,its active support ability is greatly limited due to its inherent power coupling characteristics,plus power overshoot,oscillation and even instability problems are most likely to occur with parameter variation.To solve this problem,a full-order small signal model for grid-forming energy storage system is developed,its frequency response characteristics are analyzed according to the output power state space model and its characteristic roots.On this basis,by analyzing the sensitivity and participation factors of the state space matrix parameters,the stable boundary of the grid-forming energy storage converter is given,and the influence of key parameters of the grid-forming energy storage converter on its dynamic power coupling,frequency support and other grid related characteristics is clarified.The simulation and semi physical experimental results have verified the correctness and feasibility of the theoretical analysis,providing a basis for the design of grid connected parameters and stable operation of grid-forming energy storage converters.

关 键 词：构网型储能 系统支撑能力 稳定边界 全阶小信号建模 频率响应特性 

分 类 号：TM7[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]