DeepSeek崛起对我国就业市场人才的影响:需求变革、供给挑战与政策因应  

The Impact of DeepSeek's Rise on Talent in China's Employment Market:Demand Changes,Supply Challenges,and Policy Responses

作　　者：于凤霞[1] YU Fengxia(Department of Information and Industrial Development,State Information Center,Beijing 010021)

机构地区：[1]国家信息中心信息化和产业发展部,北京010021

出　　处：《中国劳动关系学院学报》2025年第2期40-50,共11页Journal of China University of Labor Relations

摘　　要：DeepSeek崛起标志着我国人工智能发展里程碑式的突破,推动AI技术发展路径从规模化转向集约化和内涵式创新,其开源生态推动AI技术平权化并对整个行业产生引领和倒逼效应。AI创新发展的影响不仅在于技术突破,还在于它带来的新理念和思维方式,其对创新型人才的需求、对于一个国家人才培养理念和模式带来的影响,都是深远且不可逆的。本研究结合DeepSeek引发的AI领域发展变革,分析AI发展对我国就业市场人才需求的新变化,以及供给侧面临的新挑战。从需求侧看,AI高端技术人才需求显著增加,跨学科复合型人才日益成为刚需,中等技能人才被“加速替代”,整体的人才需求“技能结构极化”趋势将更加显著。从供给侧看,我国面临AI人才供给总量不足、人才培养与市场需求脱节、复合型人才培养困难以及人才供给区域分布不均衡等挑战。研究建议从四个方面综合施策,积极应对人才供给侧面临的新挑战,以培养更多适应新质生产力发展需求的高素质复合型人才。The rise of DeepSeek marks a milestone in China's artificial intelligence development,transitioning AI technology from scaling to refined and intrinsic innovation,while its open-source ecosystem encourages equal access to AI and exerts a leading and compelling effect on the entire industry.The influence of AI innovation extends beyond technical breakthroughs to the ideational and methodological shifts it engenders,which is profound and irreversible concerning the demand for innovative talent and the impacts on national talent cultivation concepts and models.This study analyzes the changes in talent demand in China's employment market triggered by the transformations in the AI field brought about by DeepSeek,as well as the new challenges facing the supply side.From the demand side,there is a significant rise in demand for high-end technical talents,an increasing necessity for versatile talents,and an"accelerated replacement"of mid-skilled workers,signifying an intensified trend of"skill structure polarization"overall.On the supply side,challenges include an insufficient total supply of AI talent,a disconnection between talent cultivation and market needs,difficulties in cultivating versatile talents,and uneven distribution of talent supply across regions.This research suggests a comprehensive response to the new challenges in talent supply to cultivate more high-quality versatile talents that meet the demands of new productive forces.

关 键 词：DeepSeek 人才需求 人才供给 

分 类 号：F241.2[经济管理—劳动经济] C964.2[经济管理—国民经济]