土栖白蚁巢穴被动声波探测技术的室内试验研究  

Laboratory experimental study on passive acoustic wave detectiontechnology of subterranean termite nests

作　　者：程森浩 邓刚[1,2,3] 侯伟亚 张延亿[1,2,3] 张茵琪[1,2,3] 李维朝[1,2,3] CHENG Senhao;DENG Gang;HOU Weiya;ZHANG Yanyi;ZHANG Yinqi;LI Weichao(State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;Key Laboratory of Construction and Safety of Water Engineering of Ministry of Water Resources,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;Key Laboratory of Termite Control of Ministry of Water Resources,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100038 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院水利部水工程建设与安全重点实验室,北京100038 [3]中国水利水电科学研究院水利部白蚁防治重点实验室,北京100038

出　　处：《中国水利水电科学研究院学报(中英文)》2025年第2期106-111,120,共7页Journal of China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3005501);水利技术示范项目(SF-202406);中国水科院基本科研业务费项目(GE0145B052024,GE0145B032021)。

摘　　要：土栖白蚁在堤坝上挖穴筑巢严重危害堤坝安全,准确找到巢穴位置是处置的前提和关键,接收并分析蚁穴发出的声波是一条可能的巢穴探测定位技术路线。实验室中采集黄翅大白蚁和黑翅土白蚁巢穴周边的声波脉冲信号,幅值分别为0.075 m/s~2和0.015 m/s~2,脉冲之间有明显的间隔,单个脉冲持续时间约0.01 s,可以利用程序进行识别。在距离巢穴一定位置非共线布置4支传感器,提取各传感器采集到的100 Hz~1000 Hz之间的声波脉冲信号,标记不同传感器采集信号中的相同峰值,利用各信号到达传感器的时间差可定位蚁穴位置,误差小于蚁穴直径。按照室内试验思路,在堤坝现场巢穴附近布置多支传感器,通过量测到的白蚁巢穴声波信号,预期可以较好实现巢穴的定位。Termite nesting in embankments poses a significant threat to dam safety.Finding accurate nest location is a critical prerequisite for effective mitigation.In a laboratory setting,pulse signals emitted by the nests of Macrotermes barneyi and Odontotermes formosanus were collected,with pre-attenuation signal amplitudes of 0.075 m/s 2 and 0.015 m/s 2,respectively.The pulses exhibited distinct intervals,with each lasting approximately 0.01 s,allowing for recognition through programming.Four sensors were arranged non-collinearly around the nest,capturing pulse signals between 100 Hz and 1000 Hz.By marking the identical peaks in the signals collected by different sensors and using the time differences of signal arrival at each sensor,the nest location can be determined with an error margin smaller than the nest diameter.Following the approach of the laboratory experiment,multiple sensors can be deployed near termite nests in embankments.By measuring the vibration signals from the termite nests,it is expected that accurate nest location can be achieved.

关 键 词：土栖白蚁 蚁穴 声波脉冲 探测定位 室内试验 

分 类 号：TV39[水利工程—水工结构工程]