四川瓦多—龙古地区水系沉积物地球化学特征及其对找矿潜力和找矿方向的指示  

Geochemical characteristics of stream sediments and implications for prospectivity prediction in the Waduo-Longgu district,Sichuan province

作　　者：徐云峰 秦宇龙 熊昌利 廖芝华 马志磊 詹涵钰 吴建亮 XU Yunfeng;QIN Yulong;XIONG Changli;LIAO Zhihua;MA Zhilei;ZHAN Hanyu;WU Jianliang(Sichuan Institute of Comprehensive Geological Survey,Chengdu 610081,China;Evaluation and Utilization of Strategic Rare Metals and Rare Earth Resource Key Laboratory of Si chuan Province,Chengdu 610081,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省综合地质调查研究所,成都610081 [2]稀有稀土战略资源评价与利用四川省重点实验室,成都610081

出　　处：《有色金属(矿山部分)》2025年第2期155-165,共11页NONFERROUS METALS(Mining Section)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC2905001);中国地质调查局项目(12120113049500、121201004000150017-93);四川省科技厅基金项目(2023NSFSC0267);四川省地质调查研究院财政支持科研项目(SCIGS-CZDXM-2024003)联合资助。

摘　　要：四川瓦多—龙古地区大地构造位于松潘—甘孜造山带东部巴颜喀拉地块,成矿区带属于石渠—雅江Li-Be-Au-Pb-Zn-Sn成矿带内(Ⅳ-11)。为了研究四川瓦多—龙古地区水系沉积物地球化学特征及其对找矿潜力和找矿方向的指示,在详细阐述区域成矿地质背景及地质特征基础上,系统分析了1∶50 000水系沉积物测量Sn、W、Mo、Bi、Cu、Pb、Zn、Au、Ag、As、Sb、Hg、TFe、Co、Ni、Mn、Li、Be、Nb、Ta、Rb、Cs、Sr等23种元素地球化学分布规律与组合特征。结果显示:研究区主要异常成矿元素为Li、Be,次要异常成矿元素为Pb、Zn、Au、Ag、W、Sn。Li-Be-Nb、Pb-Zn-Ag、Cu-As-Sb元素具有较好的组合相关性。Li-Be-Nb为稀散成矿元素,表现出伟晶岩的成矿专属性;Pb-Zn-Ag为亲硫成矿元素,在许多热液型硫化物矿床中共生。Au-Cu-As组合中,Au、Cu为中温元素,通常在斑岩型、矽卡岩型铜金矿中伴生产出,Cu多呈独立矿物产出,Au多赋存于铜矿物中,As为中温成矿元素,元素具较强的迁移能力,可作为金矿找矿指示元素。以各个单元素组合好、与矿产或成矿地质体关系密切为指标,共圈定8个1∶50 000水系沉积物主成矿元素综合异常,编号为AS-1、AS-2、AS-3、AS-4、AS-5、AS-6、AS-7、AS-8。结合成矿地质条件及已发现各类矿(床)点、矿化点,研究区可划分出稀有金属找矿区3个,铅锌银多金属矿找矿区3个,金多金属矿找矿区2个。其中最具找矿潜力的综合异常为AS-1与AS-6,具较好的花岗伟晶岩型锂(铍铌钽)矿找矿潜力。研究结果为在该地区进一步开展地质找矿工作指明了方向。The tectonic structure of the Waduo—Longgu area in Sichuan is geotectonically located in the Bayankala massif in the eastern part of the Songpan—Ganzi orogenic belt,and metallogenic belt belongs to the Shiqu—Yajiang Li-Be-Au-Pb-Zn-Sn metallogenic belt(Ⅳ-11).In order to study the geochemical characteristics of the stream sediments and its indication for prospecting potential and direction in the Wado-Longgu area,Sichuan province.Based on the detailed description of the regional metallogenic geological background and geological characteristics,the geochemical distribution and combination characteristics of 23 elements such as Sn,W,Mo,Bi,Cu,Pb,Zn,Au,Ag,As,Sb,Hg,TFe,Co,Ni,Mn,Li,Be,Nb,Ta,Rb,Cs and Sr measured by 1∶50000 stream sediments were systematically analyzed.The results showed that the main abnormal ore-forming elements in the study area were Li and Be,and the secondary abnormal ore-forming elements were Pb,Zn,Au,Ag,W and Sn.Li-Be-Nb,Pb-Zn-Ag and Cu-As-Sb elements had good combination correlation.Li-Be-Nb were sparse ore-forming elements,showing the metallogenic specificity of pegmatite;Pb-Zn-Ag were sulphophile ore-forming elements,which coexisted in many hydrothermal sulfide deposits.In the Au-Cu-As assemblage,Au and Cu were intermediate-temperature elements,which often coexisted in the porphyry-type and skarn-type Cu-Au deposits.Cu was mostly produced as an independent mineral and Au was mostly hosted in copper minerals;As was an medium-temperature ore-forming element with relatively strong migration ability,which could be regarded as an indicator element for Au deposits.Taking the good combination of each single element and the close relationship with mineral or ore-forming geological bodies as indicators,a total of 8 main ore-forming element combination anomalies of 1∶50,000 stream sediments were delineated,numbered AS-1,AS-2,AS-3,AS-4,AS-5,AS-6,AS-7,AS-8.Combined with the metallogenic geological conditions and the discovered ore(deposit)points and mineralization points,the study area could be

关 键 词：1∶5万水系沉积物测量 地球化学特征 找矿方向 瓦多 龙古 

分 类 号：TD15[矿业工程—矿山地质测量]