考虑轮轴过盈配合的轨道车轮结构优化研究  

Structural Optimization of A Rail Wheel ConsideringInterference Fit Between Wheel and Axle

作　　者：李扬辉 孙小娟[1] 江连运[1] LI Yang-hui;SUN Xiao-juan;JIANG Lian-yun(School of Mechanical Engineering,Taiyuan University of Science and Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]太原科技大学机械工程学院,太原030024

出　　处：《太原科技大学学报》2025年第1期41-46,52,共7页Journal of Taiyuan University of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(52202478);山西省青年科学研究项目(20210302124698)。

摘　　要：轮轴过盈配合对轨道车轮的结构强度有重要影响。基于国际铁路联盟UIC510-5标准,利用ABAQUS有限元软件建立考虑轮轴过盈配合的单S型轨道车轮直线工况受力三维模型。在分析过盈配合对车轮等效应力分布影响的基础上,以降低辐板处等效应力为目标,利用Optimization模块对车轮结构进行优化。结果表明:优化后的车轮在辐板与轮毂衔接的圆弧处的辐板厚度增加,在辐板与轮毂、轮辋连接部分的角度减小;在车轮质量基本不变的情况下,最大等效应力降低了13.2%.对磨耗到限车轮的静强度和疲劳强度进行校核计算,结果表明优化后车轮的应力分布更加均匀。该研究有助于车轮结构应力性能的提高和车轮制造材料的充分利用,为轨道车轮结构设计提供参考。The interference fit between the rail wheel and the axle has important influence on the structural strength of the wheel.In this paper,based on the international standard UIC510-5,the three-dimensional model of a single S-type track wheel in the straight working condition is established by the finite element software ABAQUS,considering the interference fit of wheel and axle.After the analysis of the influence of the interference fit on the wheel equivalent stress distribution,setting the minimum of the equivalent stress at the spoke plate as the goal,the wheel structure is optimized by using the Optimization module.The analysis results show that the thickness of the spoke plate at the arc connection between the spoke plate and the hub of the wheel is increased;and the angles of the spoke plate with the hub and rim of the wheel are decreased.The maximum equivalent stress is reduced by 13.2%under the condition that the wheel mass is almost unchanged.By checking the static and fatigue strengths of the wheel with wear to limit,it is shown that the stress distribution of the optimized wheel is more uniform.This research is helpful to improve the stress performance of the rail wheel structure and make full use of manufacturing materials.It can provide a reference for the structural design of the rail wheel.

关 键 词：地铁 轨道车轮 辗钢整体 优化设计 静强度 疲劳强度 

分 类 号：U270[机械工程—车辆工程]