茶丽纹象甲形态特征及生物学习性研究  

Morphological and biological characteristics of the tea weevil,Myllocerinus aurolineatus(Coleoptera:Curculionidae)

作　　者：付楠霞 罗宗秀[1,2] 李兆群 边磊[1,2] 修春丽 周利[1,2] 陈宗懋 蔡晓明 FU Nan-Xia;LUO Zong-Xiu;LI Zhao-Qun;BIAN Lei;XIU Chun-Li;ZHOU Li;CHEN Zong-Mao;CAI Xiao-Ming(Tea Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310008,China;Key Laboratory of Biology,Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Hangzhou 310008,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院茶叶研究所,杭州310008 [2]农业农村部特种经济动植物生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,杭州310008

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2025年第2期174-183,共10页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1601100);国家茶叶产业技术体系(CARS-19)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确茶丽纹象甲Myllocerinus aurolineatus的形态特征及生物学习性,为该虫的精准识别和绿色防控技术研发提供理论依据。【方法】在恒温条件(25±1)℃下,分别以野外茶园土壤和新鲜茶枝饲养幼虫和成虫,在光学显微镜下观察茶丽纹象甲各发育阶段的主要形态特征;通过田间调查了解幼虫在茶园不同土壤层的迁移行为及化蛹期的土壤分布特性;利用室内观察和行为学实验相结合的手段,记录并描述茶丽纹象甲成虫的求偶交配和趋光行为。【结果】茶丽纹象甲初产卵乳白色,后逐渐变为淡黄色;幼虫无足,体肥多肉,常弯曲呈“C”型;裸蛹乳白色,口器和一对翅芽明显;成熟成虫体灰黑色,鞘翅具黄绿色闪光鳞斑与条纹,且雌性个体体型较雄性个体稍大。茶丽纹象甲以幼虫在距地表20-30 cm深土壤层越冬,4月中下旬为茶丽纹象甲化蛹高峰期。茶丽纹象甲老熟幼虫多迁移至距地表0-10 cm深土层化蛹,其中距地表0-5 cm土壤层的幼虫和蛹占75.83%。茶丽纹象甲成虫通常在16:00-4:00间求偶交配,交配方式为背负式,雌虫在下,雄虫在上,交配时长为44~132 min,可细分为交尾前期、交尾、授精和交尾后保护4个阶段。此外,在夜晚,茶丽纹象甲雌雄成虫均具强烈趋光性。【结论】本研究明确了茶丽纹象甲各发育阶段的主要形态特征,解析了该虫幼虫在茶园土壤垂直迁移行为及化蛹高峰期在不同土壤层的垂直分布,初步揭示了成虫的求偶交配和趋光行为,研究结果不仅可为茶丽纹象甲的精准识别提供参考依据,还可以为绿色防控技术的开发提供理论支撑。【Aims】To clarify the morphological and biological characteristics of the tea weevil,Myllocerinus aurolineatus,so as to provide a scientific basis for the accurate identification and the development of green control technologies for this insect pest.【Methods】M.aurolineatus larvae and adults were reared with field-collected soils and fresh tea branches,respectively,in the laboratory under(25±1)℃.The main morphological characteristics of M.aurolineatus at various developmental stages were observed under light microscope.Field investigations were conducted to learn the migratory behavior of M.aurolineatus larvae in different soil layers of tea plantation,and the distribution pattern in soil upon pupation.The calling,mating and phototactic behaviors of M.aurolineatus adults were recorded and described with a combination of laboratory observation and behavior test.【Results】The freshly laid eggs of M.aurolineatus are creamy white and gradually turn light yellow.The fleshy larvae have no legs and are usually curved or shaped like the letter C.The naked pupa is milky white with an obvious mouthpart and a pair of wing buds.The mature adults are grayish-black and possess yellowish-green shiny scales and stripes on the sheath wings.And the body size of females is always slightly larger than that of males.M.aurolineatus overwinters in the larval stage in the soil layer of 20-30 cm in depth from the ground and its pupation peak occurs in mid-late April.For pupation,the mature larvae will migrate to the soil layer of 0-10 cm in depth from the ground,and the larvae and pupae in the soil layer of 0-5 cm in depth from the ground accounted for 75.83%of the population.M.aurolineatus adults usually mate from 16:00 to 4:00,and copulate in a“false male-above”position,in which the male sits on top of the female.The whole mating period lasts for 44-132 min,and the mating procedure consists of four stages including pre-copulation,copulation,insemination and post-copulatory mate guarding.In addition,both female and male

关 键 词：茶丽纹象甲 形态 生物学 垂直分布 求偶交配行为 趋光性 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]