性信息素对梨小食心虫触角电位反应、交配和繁殖的影响  

Effects of sex pheromone on the EAG response,mating and reproduction of Grapholita molesta(Lepidoptera:Tortricidae)

作　　者：李颖[2] 曹炜晔 刘昌念 牛国飞 王怡 李捷[2] 马瑞燕[1] 孔维娜[1] LI Ying;CAO Wei-Ye;LIU Chang-Nian;NIU Guo-Fei;WANG Yi;LI Jie;MA Rui-Yan;KONG Wei-Na(College of Plant Protection,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031,China;Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学植物保护学院,太原030031 [2]山西农业大学,太原030031

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2025年第2期184-193,共10页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：中央引导引导地方科技发展资金项目(YDZJSX2022A034);国家现代农业(梨)产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-28);山西省科技创新人才团队专项(202304051001006);山西重点研发计划项目(202302140601011);国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1401400)。

摘　　要：【目的】梨小食心虫Grapholita molesta是一种世界性的蛀果害虫,对果业生产构成严重威胁。性信息素迷向技术作为一种特异性强、高效、无毒和生态效益高的防治手段,其效果主要取决于性信息素的剂量和迷向丝的悬挂密度。本研究旨在探索性信息素迷向技术的准确使用方法,为有效提升梨小食心虫的绿色防控水平、实现我国果业的安全生产提供数据支撑。【方法】本研究将含有4种成分(顺-8-十二碳烯醇醋酸酯、反-8-十二碳烯醇醋酸酯、顺-8-十二碳烯醇和十二碳-1-醇)的性信息素,设置5种剂量(0.0131,0.131,1.31,13.1和131 mg)处理梨小食心虫成虫,测试未交配和交配1次雄成虫对不同剂量性信息素的触角电位(electroantennogram,EAG)反应,通过室内笼罩试验测定雌、雄成虫的交配对数、交配持续时间、交配日龄和单雌产卵量以及卵的孵化量与孵化率的变化特点,并在田间验证性信息素对梨小食心虫的迷向率和蛀果防效。【结果】EAG反应结果表明,随着性信息素剂量增加,未交配雄成虫的EAG反应增强,在剂量为13.1 mg时达到最强;而性信息素剂量对交配1次雄成虫的EAG反应无显著影响。在笼罩试验中,性信息素剂量为1.31~131 mg时,雌、雄成虫的交配对数较对照(正己烷)显著降低。尽管性信息素处理组成虫交配持续时间、交配日龄以及单雌产卵量与对照组无显著差异,但5种剂量性信息素均显著降低了卵孵化量和孵化率。不同剂量性信息素直接对孕卵雌成虫进行刺激时,与对照相比,单雌产卵量无显著变化,但0.131~131 mg性信息素显著降低了卵的孵化量和孵化率。剂量为131 mg的性信息素对梨小食心虫的田间迷向率和蛀果防效显著高于13.1 mg剂量性信息素,悬挂60和90根/667 m2迷向丝对梨小食心虫的迷向率和蛀果防效间无显著差异。【结论】综合考虑防治效果和经济成本,适用于梨小食心虫�【Aim】Grapholita molesta is a fruit pest that poses a significant threat to fruit production globally.Sex-pheromone-mediated mating disruption technology is a highly specific,efficient,non-toxic,and ecologically beneficial control method.The control efficacy of this technology mainly depends on the dosage of sex pheromones and the density of the mating disruption products.This study aims to explore the accurate use of sex-pheromone-mediated mating disruption technology,and to provide new data support for effectively improving the green control level of G.molesta and realizing the safety of fruit production in China.【Methods】In this study,G.molesta adults were treated with the sex pheromone containing four components[(Z)-8-dodecenyl acetate,(E)-8-dodecenyl acetate,(Z)-8-dodecen-l-ol,and dodecanol]at five different dosages(0.0131,0.131,1.31,13.1 and 131 mg).The electroantennogram(EAG)responses of unmated and once-mated male adults to different dosages of sex pheromone were measured.The number of mating pairs,mating duration and mating day-old age of female and male adults,as well as the change characteristics of the number of eggs laid per female,number of eggs hatched and egg hatching rate were measured in the environments with different dosages of sex pheromone using an indoor cage method.The rate of mating disruption of sex pheromone to G.molesta and the fruit-boring control efficacy were validated in the field.【Results】The EAG response results showed that,as the sex pheromone dosage increased,the EAG response of unmated male adults of G.molesta became stronger,reaching the maximum at the dosage of 13.1 mg.However,the sex pheromone dosage had no significant effect on the EAG response of once-mated male adults.Indoor cage test indicated that the sex pheromone at the dosages of 1.31-131 mg significantly reduced the number of mating pairs between female and male adults compared to the control(n-hexane).Although there were no significant differences in mating duration,mating day-old age,and the number of

关 键 词：梨小食心虫 性信息素 嗅觉反应 交配行为 剂量效应 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]