硬皮肿腿蜂属线粒体基因组特征及系统发育位置研究  

Mitochondrial genome characteristics and phylogenetic position of the genus Sclerodermus (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae)

作　　者：朱登辉 程欢 卢丰 黄沙玲 周操 章冰川 何树林 李飞 ZHU Deng-Hui;CHENG Huan;LU Feng;HUANG Sha-Ling;ZHOU Cao;ZHANG Bing-Chuan;HE Shu-Lin;LI Fei(College of Life Sciences,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 401331,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学生命科学学院,重庆401331

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2025年第2期231-242,共12页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：重庆市自然科学基金面上项目(cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0609);重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究项目(KJQN202200539,KJQN202200532);重庆师范大学博士启动基金项目(21XLB011)。

摘　　要：【目的】硬皮肿腿蜂属Sclerodermus物种是我国林业蛀干害虫重要的天敌寄生蜂。本研究旨在明确硬皮肿腿蜂属在针尾部(Aculeata)中的分类地位,对4种硬皮肿腿蜂的线粒体基因组进行测序,分析其线粒体基因组结构和系统发育位置。【方法】利用Illumina HiSeq对硬皮肿腿蜂属4个种(松褐天牛肿腿蜂Sclerodermus alternatusi、白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂Sclerodermus pupariae、川硬皮肿腿蜂Sclerodermus sichuanensis和苹小吉丁肿腿蜂Sclerodermus sp.)线粒体基因组进行测序,然后对其进行组装和注释,分析其结构特点和碱基组成;在NCBI下载膜翅目(Hymenoptera)其他46个种的注释完整的线粒体基因组与本研究获得的4种硬皮肿腿蜂线粒体基因组,基于13个蛋白编码基因(protein-coding genes,PCGs)序列,利用贝叶斯法(Bayesian inference,BI)和最大似然法(maximum likelihood,ML)构建系统发育树,分析肿腿蜂科(Bethylidae)在针尾部中的系统发育位置。【结果】4种硬皮肿腿蜂线粒体基因组全长为15000~16000 bp,由37个基因组成,包括13个PCGs、2个rRNA基因和22个tRNA基因及1个非编码控制区。13个PCGs中,使用频率较高的4种氨基酸为Ile,Leu,Phe和Met。22个tRNA基因中,仅trnS1缺失DHU臂,其余21个tRNA基因都能形成典型的三叶草结构。37个基因中共有17个基因发生基因重排,包括15个tRNA基因和2个PCGs。与其余细腰亚目(Apocrita)昆虫相比,4种硬皮肿腿蜂线粒体基因组中trnT-trnP发生基因洗牌的同时,trnT发生了基因倒置。系统发育分析结果表明,肿腿蜂科具有单系性,且硬皮肿腿蜂属和头甲肿腿蜂属Cephalonomia的亲缘关系最近。【结论】本研究提供了4种硬皮肿腿蜂的线粒体基因组特征,发现基因重排现象复杂;系统发育分析表明硬皮肿腿蜂属隶属于肿腿蜂科,支持传统形态学分类结果;肿腿蜂科具有单系性,与蚁蜂科(Mutillidae)互为姐妹群。本研究的结果为后续肿腿蜂科分�【Aim】Sclerodermus spp.are important natural enemies of wood-boring pests in forests in China.The aim of this study is to clarify the taxonomic position of Sclerodermus within Aculeata by sequencing the mitochondrial genomes of four species of Sclerodermus and analyzing their mitochondrial genomic structure and phylogenetic position.【Methods】The mitochondrial genomes of four species of Sclerodermus(Sclerodermus alternatusi,Sclerodermus pupariae,Sclerodermus sichuanensis and Sclerodermus sp.)were sequenced using Illumina HiSeq.The mitochondrial genomes were then assembled and annotated to analyze their structural characteristics and base composition.In addition,the phylogenetic position of Bethylidae within Aculeata was analyzed by the phylogenetic tree constructed based on the sequences of 13 protein-coding genes(PCGs)of 46 fully annotated mitochondrial genomes of Hymenoptera species downloaded from NCBI and four mitochondrial genomes from this study by using Bayesian inference(BI)and maximum likelihood(ML)method.【Results】The full-length mitochondrial genomes of the four species of Sclerodermus range from 15000 to 16000 bp and comprise 37 genes,including 13 PCGs,2 rRNA genes,22 tRNA genes,and one non-coding control region.Among the 13 PCGs,the most frequently used amino acids are Ile,Leu,Phe and Met.Of the 22 tRNA genes,only trnS 1 lacks the DHU arm,while the remaining 21 tRNA genes form the typical cloverleaf structure.Gene rearrangements were observed in 17 genes of the 37 genes,including 15 tRNA genes and 2 PCGs.The mitochondrial genomes of the four species of Sclerodermus exhibit gene shuffling in trnT-trnP,accompanied by gene inversion in trnT,as compared to those of the other Apocrita insects.The results of the phylogenetic analysis indicated that Bethylidae is monophyletic,with Sclerodermus being the most closely related to Cephalonomia.【Conclusion】This study provided the mitochondrial genome characteristics of four species of Sclerodermus and demonstrated complex gene rearrangements.Phyloge

关 键 词：肿腿蜂科 硬皮肿腿蜂属 线粒体基因组 基因重排 系统发育关系 

分 类 号：Q969[生物学—昆虫学]