荔枝结果大小年的主要影响因素及分子机理  

Main Influencing Factors and Molecular Mechanism of Litchi's Alternate Bearing

作　　者：陆光远 许美花 赵永国 沈超 欧阳乐军 LU Guangyuan;XU Meihua;ZHAO Yongguo;SHEN Chao;OUYANG Lejun(School of Biology and Food Engineering,Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology,Maoming 525000,China)

机构地区：[1]广东石油化工学院生物与食品工程学院,广东茂名525000

出　　处：《广东石油化工学院学报》2025年第1期108-113,共6页Journal of Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology

基　　金：广东省重大研发项目(2021B0707010003);广东省科技专项资金“大专项+任务清单”项目(2021S0065,2021IJX2365);大湾区教学教育项目(WGKM2023116);茂名市科技项目(2021KJZXZJGSPDX004);广东石油化工学院校级教改项目(2022L54);广东石油化工学院科研基金项目(2021rc009)。

摘　　要：广东省荔枝的年产量占全球荔枝产量的三分之一,对地方经济的发展具有重要作用。然而,荔枝生产过程中存在严重的大小年结果现象,导致产量不稳定,制约了农民增收和荔枝产业的可持续发展。已有的研究认为引起荔枝结果大小年的原因主要有:越冬期温度、树体营养状况、水分状况与光照强度、内源激素含量等。温度影响荔枝开花的分子机理研究较为透彻,但树体营养状况如何调控荔枝大小年结果的分子机理仍知之甚少。本文综述了近年来关于影响荔枝大小年与温度、水分及光照相关的研究进展,以及LcFT基因、LcFLC基因、葡萄糖代谢途径与荔枝开花、坐果的分子调控机理研究进展,并讨论了优化荔枝大小年现象的研究方向和思路。Litchi is an important agricultural industry in Guangdong Province,with an annual output accounting for one-third of the global litchi production,which plays an important role in local economic development.However,there is a serious phenomenon of alternate bearing in litchi production,which leads to unstable fruit yield and restricts the increase of farmers'income and the sustainable development of the litchi industry.Previous studies have suggested that the main reasons for alternative bearing years are temperature during the wintering period,tree nutrition status,water status and light intensity,and endogenous hormone content.The molecular mechanism of temperature affecting litchi flowering has been well studied,but the molecular mechanism of how tree nutrition status regulates flowering in litchi production is still poorly understood.This article summarizes the research progress on temperature,water and light affecting alternative bearing in litchi in recent years,as well as the research progress on the molecular regulation mechanism of LcFT gene,LcFLC gene,glucose metabolism pathway and litchi flowering and fruit setting.It also discusses the research direction and ideas to solve the phenomenon of alternative bearing in litchi.

关 键 词：荔枝 大小年 花芽分化 落果 

分 类 号：S667[农业科学—果树学]