仫佬族农村老年人主观幸福感的社会学因素分析  

Sociological Factors on Subjective Well-Being of Elderly People in Rural Areas of the Mulao Ethnic Group

作　　者：江文涛[1] 周洪丽 余跃生[1] 华灿城 王世艳[1] 吴红梅 Jiang Wentao;Zhou Hongli;Yu Yuesheng;Hua Cancheng;Wang Shiyan;Wu Hongmei(Qiannan Medical College for Nationalities,Duyun 558013,China;The People’s Hospital of Qiannan,Duyun 558000,China)

机构地区：[1]黔南民族医学高等专科学校,都匀558000 [2]黔南州人民医院,都匀558000

出　　处：《健康教育与健康促进》2025年第1期43-46,共4页Health Education and Health Promotion

基　　金：黔南民族医学高等专科学校科研基金项目(QNYZ201909,QNYZ202211)。

摘　　要：目的运用通径分析法研究社会学因素对仫佬族农村老年人主观幸福感(SWB)的影响,为农村老年人的SWB干预实践提供科学依据。方法对792名年龄≥60岁的贵州仫佬族农村老年人进行问卷调查,其中SWB采用纽芬兰纪念大学幸福度量表(MUNSH)进行测量。在回归分析和相关分析的基础上应用通径分析了解社会学因素对SWB的直接和间接作用。结果家庭和睦、睡眠质量、生活自理、社会支持和子女孝顺等社会学因素对仫佬族农村老年人SWB的影响均呈显著正向作用。其中,睡眠质量对SWB的直接作用以及家庭和睦通过子女孝顺的间接作用最大,子女孝顺的直接作用以及通过家庭和睦的间接作用次之,社会支持的直接作用以及与生活自理之间的间接作用最小。结论家庭和睦、睡眠质量、生活自理、社会支持和子女孝顺等社会学因素明显影响仫佬族农村老年人的SWB水平;通径分析是在回归分析和相关分析基础上探讨社会学因素对老年人SWB影响的一种简便、实用、较为理想的评价方法。Objective To use path analysis to study the impact of sociological factors on subjective well-being(SWB)in elderly people of the Mulao nationality in rural areas,and provide the scientific basis for SWB intervention practices in rural elderly people.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on 792 rural elderly people aged 60 years or older of the Mulao nationality in Guizhou.The level of SWB was measured using the Memorial University of Newfoundland Happiness Scale(MUNSH).Based on the results of regression analysis and correlation analysis,the path analysis was applied to understand the direct and indirect effects of sociological factors on SWB.Results The sociological factors such as family harmony,sleep quality,self-care,social support,and filial piety of children had a significant positive effect on SWB in elderly rural Mulao nationality people.Among them,the direct effect of sleep quality on SWB and the indirect effect of family harmony through filial piety of children were the greatest,followed by the direct effect of filial piety of children and the indirect effect through family harmony,and the direct effect of social support and the indirect effect between social support and self-care were the smallest.Conclusion Sociological factors such as family harmony,sleep quality,self-care,social support,and filial piety of children significantly affect the SWB level of elderly Mulao nationality people in rural areas;Path analysis is a simple,practical,and ideal evaluation method for exploring the impact of sociological factors on SWB in elderly people based on regression analysis and correlation analysis results.

关 键 词：通径分析 主观幸福感 影响因素 农村老年人 仫佬族 

分 类 号：B84[哲学宗教—心理学]