老年脑卒中患者症状群与健康行为的相关性研究  

A study on the relationship between symptom clusters and health behavior in elderly patients with stroke

作　　者：邓曼 于卫华 张世晴 张雨溪 杨侠 冯欢 徐芳芳 Deng Man;Yu Weihua;Zhang Shiqing;Zhang Yuxi;Yang Xia;Feng Huan;Xu Fangfang(School of Nursing,Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学护理学院,安徽合肥230601 [2]安徽医科大学第三附属医院(合肥市第一人民医院)护理部 [3]蚌埠医科大学护理学院

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2025年第5期26-32,共7页Journal of Nursing Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC2008802);安徽省人口健康基金会:助力人口高质量发展重大研究项目(RKJJ2024ZD02);安徽医科大学护理学院研究生青苗培育项目(hlqm12024081)。

摘　　要：目的探讨老年脑卒中患者症状群与健康行为现状及其相关性,为医护人员开展精准化症状管理以提高健康行为水平提供参考。方法于2023年12月至2024年5月便利抽样500例老年脑卒中患者为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表,脑卒中症状体验量表,脑卒中患者健康行为量表进行调查。结果老年脑卒中患者的健康行为总分为(73.18±15.45)分。症状发生率前3位分别为肢体无力(94.6%)、记忆力下降(93.0%)和无法身体平衡(89.8%)。探索性因子分析提取3个症状群,分别是躯体活动相关症状群、情绪相关症状群、认知障碍-疲乏症状群,累计方差贡献率为70.210%。健康行为总分与3个症状群呈负相关(均P<0.05)。分层回归分析结果显示,3个症状群可解释健康行为43.5%的总变异。结论老年脑卒中患者存在多种症状群,症状群越严重,健康行为水平越低,建议临床医护人员密切关注患者症状群发生情况,制订科学精准的症状管理策略,以提升健康行为水平,改善其生活质量。Objective To explore the current status of health behaviors in elderly stroke patients and its correlation with symptom clusters,and to provide reference for healthcare professionals to carry out precise symptom management to improve the patients′health behaviors.Methods From December 2023 to May 2024,500 elderly stroke patients were conveniently selected for the study.The general information questionnaire,Stroke Patients′Symptom Experience Scale(Stroke-SES)and Health Behavior Scale for Stroke Patients(HBS-SP)were used for the investigation.Results The total score of HBS-SP was(73.18±15.45).The top three prevalent symptoms were limb weakness(94.6%),memory decline(93.0%),and inability to maintain physical balance(89.8%).Exploratory factor analysis identified three symptom clusters,which were physical activity-related symptom cluster,emotion-related symptom cluster,and cognitive impairment-fatigue symptom cluster,with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 70.210%.The total score of HBS-SP was negatively correlated with all three symptom clusters(all P<0.05).Stratified regression analyses revealed that the three symptom clusters could explain 43.5%of the total variance in health behaviors.Conclusion Elderly stroke patients have multiple symptom clusters,and the more severe the symptom clusters are,the lower the level of health behaviors are.It is recommended that clinical staff pay close attention to the occurrence of symptom clusters in patients,and formulate a scientific and precise symptom management strategy in order to enhance the level of health behaviors and improve the quality of life of the patients.

关 键 词：老年 脑卒中 症状群 健康行为 症状管理 疲乏 躯体活动 认知障碍 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]