自杀未遂急诊患者再自杀风险管理的最佳证据总结  

Summary of the best evidence for re-suicide risk management in emergency department patients with suicide attempts

作　　者：李乐橙 胡德英 杨晓雨 热孜婉古丽·热扎克 冯霞 谭蓉 Li Lecheng;Hu Deying;Yang Xiaoyu;Re Ziwanguli·Re Zhake;Feng Xia;Tan Rong(Department of Nursing,Union Hospital,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430022,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院护理部,湖北武汉430022 [2]华中科技大学同济医学院护理学院 [3]华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院急诊科,湖北武汉430022

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2025年第5期68-73,共6页Journal of Nursing Science

基　　金：中华护理学会立项科研课题项目(ZHKY202217)。

摘　　要：目的总结自杀未遂急诊患者再自杀风险管理的最佳证据,为临床对该人群的自杀预防研究或临床实践提供循证依据。方法按照“6S”金字塔模型系统检索相关证据,证据类型包括指南、最佳实践、临床决策、系统评价、证据总结、专家共识,检索时间为建库至2024年3月。由2名研究者独立进行文献筛选和质量评价,根据主题进行证据提取、归纳和汇总。结果共纳入18篇文献,包括1篇最佳实践、2篇临床决策、2篇指南、3篇专家共识和10篇系统评价。提取归纳自杀未遂急诊患者再自杀风险管理相关证据共27条,汇总为5个主题,分别为组织支持、快速处理、自杀评估、干预措施、随访与转介。结论医护人员应用证据时应结合国内临床情境,审慎地将证据应用于临床,同时构建多学科协作机制,扩大自杀未遂急诊患者的支持系统,从而降低患者的再自杀风险。Objective To summarize the best evidence for re-suicide risk management in emergency department patients with suicide attempts,and to provide an evidence-based basis for clinical suicide prevention research or clinical practice in this population.Methods A systematic search was conducted according to the"6S"pyramid model,focusing on evidence types such as guidelines,best practices,clinical decisions,systematic reviews,evidence summaries,and expert consensus.The search covered literature from database inception to March 2024.Two researchers independently screened the literature and assessed its quality.Evidence was then extracted,synthesized,and summarized according to the themes.Results A total of 18 articles were finally included,containing 1 best practice,2 clinical decisions,2 guidelines,3 pieces expert consensus,and 10 systematic reviews.A total of 27 pieces of evidence related to re-suicide risk management in emergency patients with suicide attempts were extracted and summarized into 5 themes:organizational support,rapid treatment,suicide assessment,interventions,and follow-up and referral.Conclusion Healthcare professionals should apply evidence judiciously in the context of the domestic clinical situation,while building a multidisciplinary collaborative mechanism to expand the support system for emergency department patients with suicide attempts,thereby reducing the risk of re-suicide in patients.

关 键 词：自杀未遂 急诊 自杀 自杀风险 自杀预防 证据总结 循证护理 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学] C931[医药卫生—临床医学]