考虑帷幕损伤的重力坝稳定性演化规律与应急放空方案研究  

Stability Evolution of Gravity Dam Considering Curtain Damage and Emergency Emptying Plan

作　　者：牛瑞琦 林潮宁 郑雪玉 刘晓青[1] 李同春[1] NIU Ruiqi;LIN Chaoning;ZHENG Xueyu;LIU Xiaoqing;LI Tongchun(College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210024,Jiangsu,China;PowerChina Guiyang Engineering Corporation Limited,Guiyang 550081,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学水利水电学院,江苏南京210024 [2]中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司,贵州贵阳550081

出　　处：《水力发电》2025年第4期25-30,47,共7页Water Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52309151);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3090105);水利部水库大坝安全重点实验室开放研究基金(YK323007);中国电建集团科技项目(DJ-HXGG-2022-02)。

摘　　要：混凝土坝在遭遇极端荷载、坝体结构性问题或其他突发事件时,采取合适的应急放空措施对于提高其稳定安全性至关重要。帷幕作为坝基防渗体系的重要组成部分,容易受到溶蚀、老化和地震爆破等影响,造成劣化损伤,从而对大坝的稳定性产生不利影响。基于高重力坝的工程案例,开展了考虑帷幕损伤的稳定性演化规律及应急放空方案研究,根据帷幕不同损伤程度的特性,模拟不同放空深度下渗流场的分布情况及坝基稳定性的演化规律,进一步提出相应的应急放空方案。研究结果表明,当帷幕处于严重损伤和失效状态时,渗透压力等值线在帷幕处明显稀疏,防渗效果大幅度削弱,重力坝的抗滑稳定安全系数相较于初始状态减小了7.8%和12.7%,并低于规范标准值。为了保障重力坝的整体运行安全,需尽快降低库水位,制定合理的应急放空方案,提出放空深度建议值,为相关应急放空工作提供参考。When the concrete dam encounters extreme loads,structural issues or other emergencies,it is crucial to take appropriate emergency emptying measure to enhance stability and safety.As a vital component of the anti-seepage system of dam foundation,the curtain is susceptible to damage from erosion,aging and seismic blasting,leading to deterioration that adversely affects the stability of the dam.Based on the engineering case of high gravity dam,the stability evolution law and emergency emptying plan are studied considering curtain damage.According to the characteristics of various damage level of curtain,the distribution of seepage field and the evolution of foundation stability under different emptying depth and rate are simulated,and corresponding emergency emptying plans are further proposed.The study finds that when the curtain is severely damaged or fails,the seepage pressure contour lines become notably sparse at the curtain,significantly weakening the seepage prevention effect,and consequently,the anti-sliding stability factor of the gravity dam decreases by 7.8%and 12.7%compared to the initial state respectively,and falls below the standard regulated value.In order to ensure the overall operational safety of the gravity dam,it is necessary to promptly lower the reservoir water level and develop a well-structured emergency emptying plan,providing suggested values for emptying depth to guide relevant emergency operation.

关 键 词：高重力坝 帷幕损伤 应急放空 坝基渗流 抗滑稳定 

分 类 号：TV642.3[水利工程—水利水电工程] TV543.5