分散型催化剂作用下沥青质临氢热转化反应规律研究  

INVESTIGATION ON BEHAVIORS OF THERMAL CONVERSION OF ASPHALTENE IN THE PRESENCE OF HYDROGEN AND CATALYST

作　　者：董明 王子军 侯焕娣 蔡新恒 申海平 龙军 王威 Dong Ming;Wang Zijun;Hou Huandi;Cai Xinheng;Shen Haiping;Long Jun;Wang Wei(SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100083)

机构地区：[1]中石化石油化工科学研究院有限公司,北京100083

出　　处：《石油炼制与化工》2025年第4期50-58,共9页Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals

基　　金：中国石油化工股份有限公司重大科技项目(ZD18002)。

摘　　要：为深入认识沥青质分子结构,分析典型沥青质的分子结构,对其催化临氢热转化反应规律进行研究。典型沥青质的组成和分子结构分析结果表明:沥青质均以大陆型沥青质结构为主(质量分数超过75%),大部分沥青质分子中杂原子含量较高,特别是硫含量(质量分数通常为3%~8%),且一个沥青质分子中可能存在多个杂原子。沥青质中的硫以噻吩硫为主(质量分数超过80%),氮以五元环吡咯型为主(质量分数超过79%),氧的形态较为复杂。单独沥青质和高沥青质含量的劣质渣油催化临氢热转化试验结果表明:不同沥青质分子均可裂化(裂化率超过77%)。含五元杂环沥青质组分较容易转化,不含杂环的沥青质组分较难转化;沥青质中五元杂环(特别是五元环噻吩)含量越高,裂化率越高。沥青质裂化需要适宜的反应温度(不小于435℃)、较高的氢分压(不小于12 MPa)、较长的反应时间(不小于10 h)和较高的催化剂添加量(质量分数不小于1000μg g)。The analysis results of the composition and molecular structure of several typical asphalt molecules show:Several types of asphalt are mainly composed of continental asphalt structure(generally>75%),most asphalt molecules have a high content of heteroatoms,especially sulfur(generally 3%-8%),and there may be multiple heteroatoms in one asphalt molecule.The sulfur in asphaltene is mainly thiophene sulfur(generally>80%),nitrogen is mainly in the form of pentacyclic pyrrole(generally>79%),and the form of oxygen is relatively complex.Experiments using asphaltene and inferior residue with high asphaltene content showed that most of the asphaltene molecules from different sources could be cracked(general cracking rate>77%).The experimental results of inferior residue catalytic hydrothermal conversion showed that asphaltene with five-membered heterocyclic rings was easier to convert,and asphaltene without heterocyclic rings was more difficult.The higher content of five-membered heterocyclic rings(especially five-membered thiophene rings)the asphaltene had,the higher the cracking rates was.Experiments on catalytic hydrothermal conversion of inferior residue with high asphaltene content showed that asphaltene could be cracked efficiently with appropriate reaction temperature(435℃),higher hydrogen partial pressure(12 MPa),longer reaction time(10 h)and higher catalyst concentration(<1000μg/g).

关 键 词：沥青质 大陆型沥青质 催化临氢热转化 分散型催化剂 五元杂环 

分 类 号：U41[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]