超声处理对渣油中胶质和沥青质分子结构的影响  

EFFECT OF ULTRASOUND ON MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF RESINS AND ASPHALTENES IN RESIDUE

作　　者：赵立栋 戴咏川[1] 冯鋆铖 丁巍[1] 宋官龙[1] 邹丽 王皓 Zhao Lidong;Dai Yongchuan;Feng Yuncheng;Ding Wei;Song Guanlong;Zou Li;Wang Hao(School of Petrochemical Engineering,Liaoning Petrochemical University,Fushun,Liaoning 113001)

机构地区：[1]辽宁石油化工大学石油化工学院,辽宁抚顺113001

出　　处：《石油炼制与化工》2025年第4期70-76,共7页Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21802061,21978125);辽宁省厅科学技术研究项目(JYTMS20231440);辽宁石油化工大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202410148288)。

摘　　要：研究了超声波对渣油中胶质和沥青质含量变化影响的原因及机制。结果表明,对渣油族组成分布影响最大的因素是超声温度,超声功率次之,而超声时间的影响不显著。对渣油中沥青质与胶质进行红外光谱表征,结果表明,沥青质与胶质的官能团种类未发生明显变化,仅含量略有变化。对沥青质与胶质进行核磁共振氢谱表征,结果表明,低温低功率时胶质产生的游离杂原子与沥青质表面的侧链成环,沥青质结构上有杂环不饱和化合物生成,有利于沥青质聚合;高温高功率超声处理促使沥青质中的芳烃开环而形成侧链,对沥青质裂解有利。胶质裂解产生的芳香化合物吸附于其表面,但高温高功率对此吸附作用有一定的限制。This paper mainly studies the causes and the mechanisms of how ultrasonic waves affect and change the resin and the asphaltene in residue.The results show that initial temperature of ultrasoinc operation has the greatest effect on the distribution of the saturate,aromatic,resin,asphaltene,and the ultrasoinc power takes the second,while operation time has no distinct effect.According to the infrared spectroscopic analysis,the types of functional groups of asphaltene and resins do not change significantly,merely the contents change slightly.Proton nuclear magnetic resonance analysis show that free heteroatoms produced from resin cyclize with the side chains on asphaltene surface and heterocyclic unsaturated compounds are formed on asphaltene structure at low temperature and low power,thus these effects are conducive to asphaltene polymerization.High temperature and high power promote the aromatic structure of asphaltene to open the ring and form side chain,which is favorable for asphaltene cracking.The aromatic compounds of the resin pyrolysis is adsorbed on its surface,while there is a certain limit to this adsorption at high temperature and high power.

关 键 词：沥青质 胶质 渣油 聚合 裂解 

分 类 号：U41[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]