祁连山高寒草甸与高寒草原的土壤细菌群落构建的差异  

Differences in Soil Bacterial Community Assembly between Alpine Meadows and Alpine Steppes in the Qilian Mountains

作　　者：金鑫 周学丽 郑开福 王英成 王军邦[2] 芦光新[1] JIN Xin;ZHOU Xue-li;ZHENG Kai-fu;WANG Ying-cheng;WANG Jun-bang;LU Guang-xin(College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining,Qinghai Province 810016,China;National Ecosystem Science Data Center,Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Qinghai Grassland Improvement Experimental Station,Gonghe,Qinghai Province 813099,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农牧学院,青海西宁810016 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室生态系统大数据与模拟中心,北京100101 [3]青海省草原改良试验站,青海共和813099

出　　处：《草地学报》2025年第3期789-797,共9页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：青海省科技厅重点研发与转化计划(2023-HZ-803)资助。

摘　　要：为探讨高寒草甸和高寒草原作为邻近演替序列对土壤细菌群落构建的影响,本研究以高寒草甸和高寒草原为研究对象,通过野外采样结合土壤微生物高通量测序技术,综合分析了高寒草甸和高寒草原间土壤细菌群落物种丰富度、群落差异、生态位、群落构建及驱动因子的差异。结果表明:从高寒草甸到高寒草原,年平均降水显著减少(P<0.05),年平均气温显著升高(P<0.05),土壤养分流失;细菌群落的物种丰富度显著下降(P<0.01),促进了群落分化(P<0.01),群落β多样性极显著增加(P<0.001);生态位极显著降低(P<0.001),群落构建的主要过程由高寒草甸的随机过程转变为高寒草原的确定性过程,另外,年平均降水、年平均温度、放牧、土壤有机质和土壤pH是影响其土壤细菌的群落构建过程的主要因素。综上,在祁连山高寒草甸向草原演替显著影响了土壤细菌群落,物种丰富度下降,群落分化增加。这些变化突显了环境因素对土壤微生物群落构建的重要影响,对理解和管理全球变化下的土壤生态功能具有关键意义。To investigate the impact of neighboring successional stages of alpine meadows and alpine steppes on soil bacterial community assembly,this study comprehensively analyzed the differences in species richness,community composition,ecological niches,community assembly processes,and driving factors between alpine meadows and alpine steppes using field sampling and high-throughput soil microbial sequencing.The results showed that transitioning from alpine meadows to alpine steppes led to a significant decrease in annual precipita⁃tion(P<0.05)and a significant increase in annual mean temperature(P<0.05),accompanied by soil nutrient loss.The species richness of bacterial communities declined significantly(P<0.01),promoting community dif⁃ferentiation(P<0.01),with a highly significant increase in communityβ-diversity(P<0.001).Ecological niche breadth decreased significantly(P<0.001),and the dominant community assembly process shifted from stochastic processes in alpine meadows to deterministic processes in alpine steppes.Furthermore,factors such as annual precipitation,annual mean temperature,grazing,soil organic matter,and soil pH were identified as key drivers of soil bacterial community assembly.In summary,the successional transition from alpine meadows to alpine steppes in the Qilian Mountains significantly influenced soil bacterial communities,leading to a decline in species richness and an increase in community differentiation.These changes underscore the critical role of environmental factors in shaping soil microbial community assembly and provide valuable insights into under⁃standing and managing soil ecological functions under global environmental change.

关 键 词：高寒草地 群落构建 

分 类 号：S812.2[农业科学—草业科学]