根际和非根际土壤微生物活性对放牧方式的响应  

Responses of Rhizosphere Soil and Bulk Soils Microbial Activity to Livestock Assembly

作　　者：安海涛 孙彩彩 董全民[2] 杨晓霞 刘文亭 王鑫鑫 王晓丽 赵新全[1] AN Hai-tao;SUN Cai-cai;DONG Quan-min;YANG Xiao-xia;LIU Wen-ting;WANG Xin-xin;WANG Xiao-li;ZHAO Xin-quan(State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture in the Three River Head Waters Region,Qinghai University,Xining,Qinghai Province 810016,China;Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine of Qinghai University,Xining,Qinghai Province 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室,青海西宁810016 [2]青海大学畜牧兽医科学院青海省高寒草地适应性管理重点实验室,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《草地学报》2025年第3期813-822,共10页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：青海省“帅才科学家负责制”项目(2024-SF-102);国家自然基金联合基金项目(U20A2007)资助。

摘　　要：为探讨不同放牧方式对青藏高原高寒草地土壤微生物活性的影响,本研究以青藏高原高寒草地植物群落根际和非根际土壤为研究对象,设置不同放牧方式和不同混牧比例,试图揭示不同放牧方式下土壤微生物活性差异及其与土壤理化性质的关系。结果表明:放牧方式和位置(根际、非根际)均会对微生物活性和土壤性质产生显著影响。相比于无放牧对照,根际土壤基础呼吸、微生物生物量和微生物熵在牦牛和藏羊1∶2混牧处理中最低,非根际土壤微生物活性在牦牛和藏羊混牧时显著降低。根际和非根际土壤微生物活性与土壤性质具有显著相关关系,且土壤有机碳含量是影响根际(P=0.002,R^(2)=57.8%)和非根际(P=0.018,R^(2)=15.8%)土壤微生物活性的主要驱动因子。综上所述,放牧方式(家畜种类及配比差异)能够不同程度的影响土壤根际和非根际微生物活性,进而影响青藏高原土壤的生态功能。This study aimed to evaluate the effects of various grazing methods on soil microbial activity in alpine grasslands in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,focusing on the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils of plant commu⁃nities.Different grazing methods and mixed grazing ratios were analyzed to identify variations in soil microbial activity and their associations with soil physicochemical properties.The findings indicated that both grazing methods and soil locations(rhizosphere and bulk soils)significantly influenced microbial activity and soil proper⁃ties.Compared to NG,basal respiration,microbial biomass,and microbial entropy in rhizosphere soils were the lowest under MG1∶2,whereas microbial activity in non-rhizosphere soils significantly declined under mixed grazing of yaks and Tibetan sheep.Microbial activity was significantly correlated with soil properties in both rhi⁃zosphere and bulk soils,and soil organic carbon content was identified as the primary driving factor(P=0.002,R^(2)=57.8%in rhizosphere soil;P=0.018,R^(2)=15.8%in bulk soils).In summary,grazing methods,includ⁃ing variations in livestock species and ratios,influenced microbial activity in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils,consequently affecting soil ecological functions on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

关 键 词：微生物生物量 基础呼吸 代谢熵 微生物熵 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]