紫花苜蓿叶片水分生理及其解剖结构的水分胁迫响应  

Water Physiology and Anatomical Structure of Medicago sativa Leaves in Response to Water Stress

作　　者：姚泽[1] 于思敏 王祺[1] 乐芳军 YAO Ze;YU Si-min;WANG Qi;LE Fang-jun(Gansu Desert Control Research Institude,Lanzhou,Gansu Province 730070,China;College of Forestry,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou,Gansu Province 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省治沙研究所,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学林学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《草地学报》2025年第3期823-830,共8页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：中央财政林草科技推广示范项目(甘[2024]ZYTG003号);甘肃省重点研发计划—农业领域(24YFNA010);中央引导地方发展专项(24ZYQA052)资助。

摘　　要：为探明紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)的抗旱机制,本研究采用‘中苜1号’(‘Zhongmu No.1’)盆栽进行控水试验,探究控水第12,24和36 d适度干旱(田间最大持水量80%~85%,TA)、轻度干旱(田间最大持水量60%~65%,TB)、中度干旱(田间最大持水量40%~45%,TC)和重度干旱(田间最大持水量20%~25%,TD)下的叶片水分生理及其解剖结构变化。结果表明:随水分胁迫加剧,叶水势和叶片含水率逐渐降低;叶片变薄,栅栏组织与海绵组织厚度比值及叶片结构紧密度在TC和TD下均显著降低(P<0.05),且TD水平下栅栏组织细胞变小呈多层紧密排列;主脉突起度、木质部厚度均显著增加(P<0.05)。冗余分析表明,海绵组织与清晨叶水势相关性较大,且与夜间水分恢复紧密相关,午间叶水势与主脉突起度负相关,二者共同调节吸收和运输土壤中的有限水分,确保叶片水分相对稳定以增强其抗旱能力。In order to investigate the drought resistance mechanism of Medicago sativa L.,water controled pot experiment was carried out with‘Zhongmu No.1’as plant material.Changes of leaf water physiology and ana⁃tomical structure at the levels of TA,TB,TC,and TD(moderate,slight,mild and severe drought,corre⁃sponding to maximum field water holding capacity of 80%-85%,60%-65%,40%-45%and 20%-25%)on days 12,24 and 36 of water control were investigated.The results showed that as water stress intensified,leaf water potential and leaf moisture content were gradually decreased.The thickness of leaves,the ratio of pal and sp(P/S)of between palisade tissue and sponge tissue,and the cell tension ratio(CTR)of leaf structure were significantly reduced under TC and TD(P<0.05),and the palisade tissue cells became smaller and arranged in multiple layers at TD level.The degree of main vein protrusion and the thickness of xylem significantly were increased(P<0.05).Redundancy analysis shown that sponge tissue and leaf water potential of morning was highly correlated,and closely related to water recovery of night time.The leaf water potential of midday was negatively correlated with main vein prominence,and both regulated the absorption and transportation of limited soil moisture,ensuring relative stability of leaf water to enhance its drought resistance.

关 键 词：紫花苜蓿 土壤水分胁迫 水分生理 解剖结构 冗余分析 

分 类 号：S541.9[农业科学—作物学]