短期半灌木移除对云雾山典型草原植物群落和土壤特征的影响  

Effects of Short-time Subshrub Removal on Plant Communities and Soil Characteristics on Typical Steppe in Yunwu Mountain

作　　者：杨梦茹 王子临 张志全 拓行行 王亦波 田慧慧 尹子鸣 马晓瑞 李伟[3] YANG Meng-ru;WANG Zi-lin;ZHANG Zhi-quan;TUO Hang-hang;WANG Yi-bo;TIAN Hui-hui;YIN Zi-ming;MA Xiao-rui;LI Wei(College of Grassland Agriculture,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi Province 712100,China;Sichuan Yanjiang Yijin Expressway Co.,Ltd.,Xichang,Sichuan Province 615000,China;College of Soil and Water Conservation Science and Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi Province 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学草业与草原学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]四川沿江宜金高速公路有限公司,四川西昌615000 [3]西北农林科技大学水土保持科学与工程学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《草地学报》2025年第3期859-870,共12页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFF1302800);国家自然科学基金项目(42277464);陕西省重点研发项目(2024SF-YBXM-545);四川省交通运输科技项目(2018-ZL-15)资助。

摘　　要：半灌木扩张草地的适应性和可持续管理是新时期草地高质量发展的必然要求。本研究以宁夏云雾山重度半灌木(白莲蒿Artemisia sacrorum)扩张草地为研究对象,开展短期(2020—2023年)半灌木移除(不移除、每年1次、每年2次)试验,分析植物群落和土壤理化特性及其关系。结果表明:半灌木移除后,植物群落密度、禾类草和杂类草生物量增加,但总地上生物量无明显变化;群落水平比叶面积和叶氮含量增大,叶碳含量减小;物种多样性、功能离散度和Rao二次熵增大,功能丰富度先增后减;土壤全氮含量和容重增大,土壤铵态氮、硝态氮和含水量降低;物种多样性与土壤全氮和硝态氮正相关,与土壤含水量负相关,功能丰富度与土壤全氮和硝态氮负相关。综上,植被和土壤对短期半灌木移除的响应具有异步性。本研究结果可为黄土高原草地的多样性维持和灌丛化草地的控制及合理利用提供理论支撑。The adaptability and sustainable management of subshrub expansion grasslands are essential require⁃ments for the high-quality development of grasslands in the new era.This study focused on the heavily expanded subshrub(Artemisia sacrorum)grassland in Yunwu Mountain,Ningxia,and conducted short-term(2020-2023)experiments on subshrub removal(no removal,once a year,twice a year)to analyze the plant community and soil physicochemical properties and their relationships.The results showed that after removal of subshrub,plant community density,and the biomass of graminoid and forbs were increased,but there was no significant change in total aboveground biomass.Community-level specific leaf area and leaf nitrogen content were increased,while leaf carbon content was decreased.Species diversity,functional dispersion and Rao's qua⁃dratic entropy were increased,while functional richness first increased and then decreased.Soil total nitrogen content and bulk density were increased,while soil ammonium nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen and water content were decreased.Species diversity was positively correlated with soil total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen,and negatively correlated with soil water content.Functional richness was negatively correlated with soil total nitro⁃gen and nitrate nitrogen.In summary,the response of vegetation and soil to short-term subshrub removal is asynchronous.The results of this study can provide theoretical support for the maintenance of diversity in natu⁃ral grasslands of the Loess Plateau and the control and rational use of shrub-encroached grasslands.

关 键 词：半灌木移除 物种多样性 功能多样性 植物功能性状 土壤理化特性 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]