不同氮肥处理下6种地被植物对机场飞行区域空气质量及降噪滞尘能力的影响  

Effects of 6 Types of Cover Plants under Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Treatments on Air Quality and Noise Reduction and Dust Retention Ability in Airport Flight Area

作　　者：何琳琳 白小明[1] 吴廷达 朱奇萌 闫玉邦 张才忠 冉福 李娟霞 朱雅楠 黄小刚 陈维理 HE Lin-lin;BAI Xiao-ming;WU Ting-da;ZHU Qi-meng;YAN Yu-bang;ZHANG Cai-zhong;RAN Fu;LI Juan-xia;ZHU Ya-nan;Huang Xiao-gang;Chen Wei-li(College of Pratacultural Science,Gansu Agricultural University,Key Laboratory for Grassland Ecosystem,Ministry of Education,Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province,Sino-U.S.Centers for Grazing Land Ecosystem Sustainability,Gansu Civil Aviation Environmental Engineering Co.,LTD,Lanzhou,Gansu Province 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院,草业生态系统教育部重点实验室,甘肃省草业工程实验室,中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,甘肃省民航环境工程有限公司,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《草地学报》2025年第3期889-901,共13页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：甘肃省林草局草原生态修复治理科技支撑项目(GSLC-2020-3);甘肃省林业和草原局草原生态恢复与管理科技支撑项目(GSLC-2020-3,LCJ20210021)资助。

摘　　要：为建立西北地区良好的机场环境,本研究以6种常见的地被植物为材料,设置10 g·m^(-2)(F1),20 g·m^(-2)(F2)和30 g·m^(-2)(F3)3个施肥水平(单施尿素),通过测定PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、PM_(1)、滞尘量(Dust retention,Dr)和等效连续声级(Equivalent continuous sound level,Leq)衰减量等的变化,以评估不同施肥处理下6种地被植物改善机场飞行区域空气质量及降噪滞尘的能力。研究结果表明,F1施肥梯度下的高羊茅(Festuca arundinacea,TF)、野牛草(Buchloe dactyloides,BG)、草地早熟禾(Poa pratensis,KB)、青绿苔草(Carex leucochlora,CL)和扁穗冰草(Agropyron cristatum,AC)与F2施肥梯度下的紫羊茅(Festuca rubra,RF)具有较强改善机场跑道区域空气质量的效果及降噪滞尘的能力。各指标权重综合评价结果显示,6种地被植物改善机场飞行区域空气质量及降噪滞尘的能力由强到弱依次为:F1TF>F1BG>F1KB>F1AC>F2RF>F1CL;氮肥处理促进效果依次为F1>F2>F3。综上可知,高羊茅在10 g·m^(-2)施肥水平下(F1TF)对于机场降噪滞尘和改善机场跑道区空气质量的潜力最大。In order to establish a good airport environment in Northwest region,this study used six common groundcover plants as materials and set three fertilization levels(single application of urea)at 10 g·m^(-2)(F1),20 g·m^(-2)(F2)and 30 g·m^(-2)(F3).By measuring changes in PM_(10),PM_(2.5),PM_(1),Dust retention(Dr),and Equivalent continuous sound level attenuation(Leq attenuation),the study assessed the ability of the six groundcover plants under different fertilization treatments to improve the air quality and reduce noise and dust in the airport flight area.The results showed that Festuca arundinacea Schreb.(TF),Buchloe dactyloides(BG),Poa pratensis(KB),Carex leucochlora(CL)and Agropyron cristatum(AC)under the F1 fertilization gradient,and Festuca rubra(RF)under the F2 fertilization gradient had the strong effect on improving air qual⁃ity and reducing noise and dust retention in the airport runway area.The comprehensive evaluation results of the weight of each index showed that the ability of the six groundcover plants to improve the air quality and reduce noise and dust in the airport flight area,from strong to weak,was F1TF>F1BG>F1KB>F1AC>F2RF>F1CL;the promotion effect of nitrogen fertilizer treatment was F1>F2>F3.In summary,F.arundinacea under 10 g·m^(-2)fertilization level(F1TF)has the greatest potential for airport noise reduction,dust retention,and improvement of air quality in the airport runway area.

关 键 词：飞行区草坪 草种筛选 降噪 滞尘 空气质量 

分 类 号：S688.4[农业科学—观赏园艺]