青海湖围栏封育下温性荒漠植被群落长期变化特征  

Impact of Fencing on the Characteristics of the Temperate Desert Vegetation Community in the Qinghai Lake Basin

作　　者：蔡海[1] 史倩倩 王婷[3] 杜岩功[4] CAI Hai;SHI Qian-qian;WANG Ting;DU Yan-gong(Modern Agriculture College of Wuwei Vocational College,Wuwei,Gansu Province 733000,China;Qinghai Lake National Nature Reserve Administration,Gangcha,Qinghai Province 812300,China;College of Life,Qinghai Normal University,Xining,Qinghai Province 810008,China;Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy of Science,Xining,Qinghai Province 810001,China)

机构地区：[1]武威职业学院现代农业学院,甘肃武威733000 [2]青海湖国家级自然保护区管理局,青海刚察812300 [3]青海师范大学生命科学学院,青海西宁810008 [4]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,青海西宁810001

出　　处：《草地学报》2025年第3期929-935,共7页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U21A20186);河西走廊寒旱区生态环境保护与生态文明建设科研创新团队和武威职业学院校级重点团队-智慧农业大数据应用研究科研团队资助。

摘　　要：长期围栏封育对青海湖退化温性荒漠植被群落特征的影响及其调控因素尚不明晰。本研究分析了封育15年温性荒漠的物种丰富度、盖度和生物量变化,并揭示其时间稳定性特征及主要驱动因素。结果表明:封育1年显著提高温性荒漠物种丰富度、盖度和地上生物量,分别为15种,64%和185.65 g·m^(-2),增幅依次为66.67%,326.67%和255.24%,15年后相应指标分别为322.22%,233.33%和343.26%,其中丰富度和地上生物量均达到极显著检验水平。封育1~5年,5~10年,11~15年后,青海湖地区温性荒漠地上生物量时间稳定性呈现显著增加趋势,中期和长期围封比短期围封增加27.10%和61.23%。长期封育条件下,物种丰富度受降雨量极显著影响,地上生物量则显著受杂类草生物量的影响。未来降雨量增加的气候情景下,物种丰富度将显著提高,并对植被盖度和地上生物量产生促进作用,本研究为青海湖地区温性荒漠生态系统的恢复与管理提供了科学依据。The temperate desert exhibits non-zonal distribution in the eastern and northeastern regions of the Qinghai Lake basin.However,the impact of long-term fencing on the characteristics of degraded temperate desert vegetation communities and the controlling factors remained unclear.This study analyzed the monitoring data of species richness,cover,and above-ground biomass of the temperate desert subjected to 15 years of con⁃tinuous fencing.It elucidated the response characteristics of vegetation community traits and biomass temporal stability to long-term fencing.Based on structural equation modeling,the driving factors behind the changes in the fenced temperate desert vegetation community characteristics were analyzed.These results indicated that one year after fencing,there was a significant increase in species richness,cover,and above-ground biomass of the temperate desert,reaching 15 species,64%,and 185.65 g·m^(-2),respectively,with increases of 66.67%,326.67%,and 255.24%.After 15 years of fencing,the increases were 322.22%,233.33%,and 343.26%,respectively,compared to the control.During the 15 years of continuous fencing,both species richness and above-ground biomass of the temperate desert showed a highly significant increasing trend.The temporal stabil⁃ity of above-ground biomass in the Qinghai Lake region’s temperate desert exhibited a significant increasing trend after 1~5 years,5~10 years,and 11~15 years of fencing,with medium-and long-term fencing showing increases of 27.10%and 61.23%compared to short-term fencing.Long-term fencing significantly influenced species richness,which was highly affected by precipitation.The above-ground biomass was significantly influ⁃enced by the biomass of miscellaneous grasses(P<0.05).In addition,the increased precipitation significantly enhanced species richness in long-term fenced temperate desert and had a positive regulatory effect on vegeta⁃tion cover and above-ground biomass.This study provides a scientific basis for the restoration and management of the tempe

关 键 词：长期封育 物种丰富度 温性荒漠 生物量时间稳定性 降雨量 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]