不同紫花苜蓿-禾草混播方式对干草产量及土壤养分的影响  

Effects of Different Alfalfa-Grass Mixed Sowing Methods on Hay Yield and Soil Nutrients

作　　者：吴世文 南丽丽[1] 陈孝善 傅俊士 张泽龙 郭钊 WU Shi-wen;NAN Li-li;CHEN Xiao-shan;FU Jun-shi;ZHANG Ze-long;GUO Zhao(College of Pratacultural Science,Gansu Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou,Gansu Province 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《草地学报》2025年第3期975-983,共9页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32160327);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-34)共同资助。

摘　　要：为获得持续高产及有效改善土壤养分的豆禾混播人工草地,本试验以‘甘农3号’紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa‘Gannong No.3’,GN3)、‘甘农9号’紫花苜蓿(M.sativa‘Gannong No.9’,GN9)、‘巨能7号’紫花苜蓿(M.sativa‘Juneng No.7’,JN7)、‘龙牧1号’羊草(Leymus chinensis‘Longmu No.1’,LC)、‘蒙农1号’蒙古冰草(Agropyron mongolicum‘Mengnong No.1’,AC)、‘原野’无芒雀麦(Bromus inermis‘Yuanye’,BI)为试验材料,探究不同豆禾混播组合播种当年和生长第二年的草产量及草地土壤养分的变化特征。结果表明,单播GN3,GN9,JN7处理的干草产量均显著高于对应混播组合(P<0.05);随豆禾混播种植年限增加,0~20 cm,20~40 cm土层的有机碳、全氮、速效磷、速效钾含量均显著增加(P<0.05),而pH值、全磷、全钾、速效氮含量均显著降低(P<0.05),且表层土的养分含量均显著高于下层土(P<0.05)。不同年限各混播组合的有机碳、全氮、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾含量均大于单播,pH值及全磷、全钾含量均小于单播处理。综合评价显示,混播组合GN9+BI,GN9+LC较适宜在河西绿洲灌区推广。To achieve sustained high yield and effectively improve soil nutrients in mixed sowing of legumes and grasses,this experiment used‘Gannong No.3’alfalfa(Medicago sativa,GN3),‘Gannong No.9’alfalfa(GN9),‘Juneng No.7’alfalfa(JN7),‘Longmu No.1’Leymus chinensis(LC),‘Mengnong No.1’Agropy⁃ron mongolicum(AC),and‘Yuanye’smooth bromegrass(Bromus inermis,BI)as experimental materials to explore the characteristics of grass yield and soil nutrient changes in different legume-gramineae mixtures during the planting year and the next year.The results showed that the dry hay yield from GN3,GN9,and JN7 mono⁃cultures was significantly higher than that of their corresponding mixed sowing combinations(P<0.05).With the increase in the years of legume-gramineae mixed sowing,the contents of organic carbon,total nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium in the 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layers significantly increased(P<0.05),while the pH value,total phosphorus,total potassium,and available nitrogen contents significantly decreased(P<0.05).Moreover,the nutrient content in the surface soil was significantly higher than in the lower soil layers(P<0.05).Across different years,the organic carbon,total nitrogen,available nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium contents in all mixed sowing combinations were higher than those in monocultures,while pH,total phosphorus,and total potassium contents were lower than in monocultures.Comprehensive evaluation suggests that the GN9+BI and GN9+LC mixed sowing combinations are more suit⁃able for promotion in the Hexi Oasis irrigation area.

关 键 词：豆禾混播 种植年限 干草产量 有机碳 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]