不同施肥组合对高寒矿区土壤理化性质及酶活性的影响  

Effects of Different Fertilization Combinations on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Enzyme Activities in Alpine Mining Area

作　　者：安晓婷 于中阳 胡生斌 张旭 李长慧[1] 杨明春 井国宁 AN Xiao-ting;YU Zhong-yang;HU Sheng-bin;ZHANG Xu;LI Chang-hui;YANG Ming-chun;JING Guo-ning(Qinghai University,Xining,Qinghai Province 810016,China;Wuhai Natural Resources Development Center,Wuhai,Inner Mongolia 016000,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学,青海西宁810016 [2]乌海市自然资源事业发展中心,内蒙古乌海016000

出　　处：《草地学报》2025年第3期984-991,共8页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发项目课题1高寒矿区土壤重构关键技术集成研究与应用(2021YFC3201601)资助。

摘　　要：本研究以青海木里江仓矿区渣山表层基质为研究对象,开展颗粒有机肥和羊板粪混施的双因素随机区组试验,探讨不同处理下土壤脲酶、碱性蛋白酶、碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶活性以及土壤理化性质的变化特征,旨在为高寒矿区植被恢复提供理论依据。结果表明:施用羊板粪40 kg·m^(-2)能显著提高土壤过氧化氢酶、碱性磷酸酶、碱性蛋白酶活性(P<0.05);施用羊板粪40 kg·m^(-2)和颗粒有机肥3 kg·m^(-2)能显著提高土壤碱性磷酸酶、碱性蛋白酶活性及全氮、速效氮、速效磷、有机质含量(P<0.05)。由冗余分析可知,有机质是影响土壤酶活性的关键因子;由相关性分析可知,土壤含水量、容重、速效磷、全氮、全磷、有机质是影响土壤酶活性的主要因子。综上所述,在矿区植被恢复中,混合配施颗粒有机肥3 kg·m^(-2)和羊板粪40 kg·m^(-2)左右即可明显改善矿区土壤理化性质和土壤酶活性。In the experiment,the surface matrix of the slag hill in Jiangcang mining area of Muli Coalfield in Qin⁃ghai Province was taken as the research object,and the two-factor randomized block experiment with mixed application of granular organic fertilizer and sheep manure was carried out,The changes of soil urease,alkaline protease,alkaline phosphatase,catalase activity and soil physical and chemical properties under different treat⁃ments were discussed,aiming to provide theoretical basis for the vegetation restoration of the alpine mining area.The results showed that the application of sheep manure 40 kg·m^(-2)significantly increased the activities of soil catalase,alkaline phosphatase and alkaline protease(P<0.05);The application of 40 kg·m^(-2)sheep manure and 3 kg·m^(-2)granular organic fertilizer significantly increased the activities of alkaline phosphatase and alkaline protease and the contents of total nitrogen,available nitrogen,available phosphorus and organic matter in soil(P<0.05).RDA analysis showed that organic matter was the key factor affecting soil enzyme activity;correlation analysis showed that soil water content,bulk density,available phosphorus,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and organic matter were the main factors affecting soil enzyme activity.In summary,in the vegetation restoration of mining area,the mixed application of granular organic fertilizer 3 kg·m^(-2)and sheep manure 40 kg·m^(-2)signifi⁃cantly improved the soil physical and chemical properties and soil enzyme activity in the mining area.

关 键 词：羊板粪 颗粒有机肥 高寒矿区 土壤酶活性 

分 类 号：S812.2[农业科学—草业科学]