防治苜蓿小光壳叶斑病室内药剂筛选及不同苜蓿品种抗性评价  

Fungicide Screening and Evaluation of Resistance of Different Alfalfa Varieties to Leptosphaerulina trifolii in Laboratory

作　　者：霍宏丽 罗金刚 赵远征 张笑宇[1] 杨永青 裴轩瑗 张冬梅 李子钦 周洪友[1,3] HUO Hong-li;LUO Jin-gang;ZHAO Yuan-zheng;ZHANG Xiao-yu;YANG Yong-qing;PEI Xuan-yuan;ZHANG Dong-mei;LI Zi-qin;ZHOU Hong-you(College of Horticulture and Plant Protection,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010019,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010031,China;Key Laboratory of Biopesticide Creation and Resource Utilization in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010018,China;Inner Mongolia Electronic Information Vocational Technical College,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010070,China;College of Environmental Engineering,Wuhan Textile University,Wuhan,Hubei Province 430200,China;Hinggan League Institute of Agricultural and Husbandry Sciences,Ulanhot,Inner Mongolia 137400,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学园艺与植物保护学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [2]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院植物保护研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010031 [3]生物农药创制与资源利用自治区高等学校重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [4]内蒙古电子信息职业技术学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010070 [5]武汉纺织大学环境工程学院,湖北武汉430200 [6]兴安盟农牧科学研究所,内蒙古乌兰浩特137400

出　　处：《草地学报》2025年第3期1001-1010,共10页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院青年创新基金项目(2024QNJJN04);中科院先导专项(A)“创建生态草牧业科技体系”(XDA26050101-01)资助。

摘　　要：近年来在内蒙古多地发现由三叶草小光壳(Leptosphaerulina trifolii)造成的苜蓿小光壳叶斑病,为筛选苜蓿(Medicago sativa)小光壳叶斑病的高效化学药剂和抗病品种,本研究通过室内药效测定,比较了14种杀菌剂对苜蓿小光壳叶斑病病原菌的抑制作用,并通过盆栽试验对46份紫花苜蓿品种进行了抗性鉴定。结果表明,嘧菌酯、吡唑醚菌酯和恶醚唑对NM05菌株的菌丝生长有较好的抑制效果,有效抑制中浓度(Median effective concentration,EC50)值分别为0.0091,0.0383和0.1073 mg·L^(-1);经抗病性评价,供试品种中有高抗品种4份,中抗品种17份,中感品种23份和高感品种2份,其中高抗品种为‘苜蓿801’、杂花苜蓿、‘赛特’和‘呼伦贝尔’杂花。综上所述,本研究筛选出3个苜蓿小光壳叶斑病高效杀菌剂和4个苜蓿高抗品种,为苜蓿小光壳叶斑病的田间防治奠定了基础。In recent years,alfalfa leaf spot caused by Leptosphaerulina trifolii has been found in multiple places in Inner Mongolia.In order to screen highly effective chemical fungicides and alfalfa resistant varieties against this disease,our study employed laboratory efficacy assay to compare the inhibitory effects of 14 fungicides on the Leptosphaerulina trifolii.Additionally,resistance identification of 46 alfalfa varieties to Leptosphaerulina trifolii was conducted by pot test.The results showed that azoxystrobin,pyraclostrobin and difenoconazole exhibited superior inhibitory effects on the mycelial growth of NM 05 strain,with EC50 values of 0.0091,0.0383 and 0.1073 mg·L^(-1),respectively.Based on disease resistance evaluation,four high resistant varieties were screened out,they were‘alfalfa 801’,variegated alfalfa,‘Saite’and‘Hulunbuir’variegated alfalfa.And seventeen medium resistant varieties,twenty-three medium susceptible varieties and two high susceptible vari⁃eties were also screened out.In summary,our study successfully identified three effective fungicides and four highly resistant alfalfa varieties in laboratory,laying the foundation for prevention and control of Leptosphaeru⁃lina leaf spot in alfalfa field.

关 键 词：苜蓿小光壳叶斑病 杀菌剂 筛选 品种抗性 评价 

分 类 号：S435.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]