基于文本需求的需求模型自动生成方法  

Automatic Generation Method of Requirement Model Based on Text Requirement

作　　者：马国栋 蒋建民 陈阵 MA Guodong;JIANG Jianming;CHEN Zhen(Department of Software Engineering,Chengdu University of Information Technology;Automatic Software Generation and Intelligence Service Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu 610200,China)

机构地区：[1]成都信息工程大学软件工程学院 [2]软件自动生成与智能服务四川省自动实验室,四川成都610200

出　　处：《软件导刊》2025年第3期48-59,共12页Software Guide

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61772004);科技部重点研发计划项目(2022YFB3305101);成都信息工程大学人才科研基金项目(KYTZ202009)。

摘　　要：在软件开发的需求阶段,文本需求的二义性、歧义性等问题可能导致后续软件工件与需求描述不一致,难以保证软件开发过程的顺利进行和最终产品的质量。为了解决文本需求与生成的需求模型(UML类图)之间的不一致性问题,提出一种基于自然语言处理的文本需求自动生成需求模型的新方法。该方法从文本需求中提取信息,分析自然语言文本并转化为形式化模型,最终生成需求模型。开发的原型工具实现了文本需求的一致性检测和需求模型的自动生成。通过实例表明该方法能够帮助软件开发团队更好地理解文本需求,减少不一致性的出现,从而提高软件开发效率和质量。During the requirements phase of software development,ambiguity and vagueness in textual requirements can lead to inconsistencies between subsequent software artifacts and the requirements description.This makes it challenging to ensure a smooth software development process and the quality of the final product.To address the inconsistency between textual requirements and the generated requirements model(UML class diagram),we propose a new method based on natural language processing for automatically generating requirements models from textual requirements.This method extracts information from textual requirements,analyzes the natural language text,converts it into a formal model,and ultimately generates a requirements model.A prototype tool was developed to implement consistency checking of textual requirements and automatic generation of requirements models.Case studies show that the proposed method helps software development teams better understand textual requirements,reduce incon-sistencies,and thereby improve the efficiency and quality of the software development process.

关 键 词：文本需求 软件开发 自然语言处理 不一致性 需求模型 类图 

分 类 号：TP301.2[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]