IN718激光送丝修复304轴件的工艺参数优化及组织性能分析  

Process parameter optimization and microstructure performance analysis of 304 shafts repaired by IN718 with laser wire feeding

作　　者：吴俊波 王振忠 李毅 刘超凡 陈丰 WU Junbo;WANG Zhenzhong;LI Yi;LIU Chaofan;CHEN Feng(School of Aerospace Engineering,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361100,China;College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation,Huaqiao University,Xiamen 361021,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学航空航天学院,福建厦门361102 [2]华侨大学机电及自动化学院,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《厦门大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期286-296,共11页Journal of Xiamen University:Natural Science

摘　　要：[目的]为解决传统单一材料体系和制造工艺难以满足轴类零件修复的可靠性,以及修复后工件表面缺陷显著等问题,对异质金属结构-功能一体化的激光增材制造技术进行研究.[方法]采用直径0.4 mm的IN718镍基合金细丝,对304不锈钢轴件进行异质材料激光直接熔融沉积修复,采用单因素试验设计研究工艺窗口下工艺参数对熔覆层成形尺寸的影响规律,分析不同加工路径下试样的宏观组织特征及显微硬度分布.得到最佳工艺条件.[结果]900 W激光功率、1600 mm/min扫描速度、9.5 m/min的送丝速率、30%搭接率工艺条件下熔覆平整度最高,均匀性最好.同时,扫描速度、送丝速率对成形尺寸影响显著,而激光功率对成形尺寸无明显影响.周向熔覆可以实现无拼接痕迹的修复,轴向熔覆则效果较差.试样修复区的平均硬度约为330 HV,试样基体区的平均硬度约为220 HV,试样修复部分的平均硬度要高于基体,结合区域致密良好,熔覆无明显未熔合与气孔缺陷.[结论]研究结果有助于推动激光细丝增材制造对轴类等曲面零件修复的应用.[Objective]To solve the problem that the traditional single material system and manufacturing process are difficult to meet the reliability of the repaired shaft parts,and the typical internal defects of the repaired workpiece,herein we investigate the structure-function integration of heterogeneous metals,laser additive manufacturing technology.[Methods]In this paper,IN718 nickel-based alloy wire with 0.4 mm diameter was used to explore the repair process of 304 stainless steel shaft with heterogeneous materials by laser direct melting deposition.Then,the forming size of the cladding layer influenced by process parameters under the process window was investigated through single factor experimental design.Next,the macro-structure characteristics and micro-hardness distribution of samples under different process parameters and paths were analyzed.Finally,the optimal process conditions were obtained.[Results]Results indicate that,when the laser power is 900 W,the scanning speed is 1600 mm/min,the wire feeding rate is 9.5 m/min,and the bonding rate equals 30%.The cladding roughness and the uniformity reach the maximum level.Under the process window,scanning speed and wire feed speed significantly affect the forming size,but laser power exert little effect on the forming size.When circumferential cladding is used for repair,the repaired area can be achieved without any splicing marks,while the axial cladding secures a less satisfactory effect.The average hardness of the repaired area of the sample is approximately 330 HV,while the average hardness of the matrix area is approximately 220 HV.The average hardness of the repaired part of the sample exceeds that of the matrix.Finally,the bonding area is dense and no obvious defects of non-fusion and porosity in the cladding exist.[Conclusions]Hopefully,the proposed research can help promote the application of wire and laser additive manufacturing in the field of heterogeneous material additive for the repair of curved parts such as axes.

关 键 词：异质材料增材 激光送丝修复 IN718镍基合金 定向能量沉积 显微硬度 

分 类 号：TG665[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]