35 MPa氢气减压阀内部流动特性仿真研究  

Internal Flow Characteristics Simulation Study of 35 MPa Hydrogen Regulator

作　　者：孙维福 刘仁豪 孟令宇 周如林 SUN Weifu;LIU Renhao;MENG Lingyu;ZHOU Rulin(Beijing Tianma Intelligent Control Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 101399,China)

机构地区：[1]北京天玛智控科技股份有限公司,北京101399

出　　处：《机床与液压》2025年第5期145-151,共7页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

基　　金：北京天玛智控科技股份有限公司项目(2023-TM-034-C1)。

摘　　要：氢气减压阀作为氢燃料电池汽车供氢系统中的关键部件,其性能对供氢系统运行的安全性和稳定性具有重要意义。然而氢气减压阀内部流道复杂,氢气在减压过程中形成强烈湍流,造成能量损耗和噪声。针对以上问题,基于氢气NIST真实气体模型和有限体积法,模拟35 MPa氢气减压阀内氢气的实际流动状态,研究高压氢气减压阀内部氢气流动特性,氢气在阀体与阀芯间隙位置压力迅速降低,速度增加并发生超音速流动,压力与速度变化幅度随阀芯开度增大而减小;减压阀出口氢气温度与入口温度相比升高,且温升随阀芯开度变大而降低;出口流量随阀芯开度增加而增加,阀芯与阀体间隙处及下游存在高强度湍流,间隙处湍流强度随阀芯开度增加而减小;减压阀内噪声主要在阀芯开口下游区域产生,且主要由湍流引起;为后续产品结构优化设计提供参考。As a key component in the hydrogen supply system of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles,the performance of hydrogen regulator is of great significance to the safety and stability of the hydrogen supply system.However,the flow of hydrogen in the regulator is complicated and forms strong turbulence,resulting in energy loss and noise.To address the above problems,based on the hydrogen NIST real gas model and the finite volume method,the actual flow state of hydrogen inside the 35 MPa hydrogen regulator was simulated,and the hydrogen flow characteristics inside the high-pressure hydrogen regulator were investigated.The pressure of hydrogen drops rapidly at the gap between the valve body and the spool.Its velocity increases and supersonic flow occurs.The variation ranges of pressure and velocity decrease as the spool opening increases.The temperature of hydrogen at the outlet of the regulator is higher than that at the inlet,and the temperature rise decreases as the spool opening becomes larger.The outlet flow rate increases with the increase of the spool opening.High-intensity turbulence exists at the gap between the spool and the valve body as well as in the downstream area.The turbulence intensity at the gap decreases as the spool opening increases.The noise inside the regulator is mainly generated in the downstream area of the spool opening and is mainly caused by turbulence.It provides reference for the optimization of the subsequent product design.

关 键 词：氢气减压阀 流场模拟 真实气体模型 车载供氢系统 

分 类 号：TH138[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]