MIMO雷达通信一体化:波束图增益最大化波束成形设计  

MIMO Dual-functional Radar-communication:Beampattern Gain Maximization Beamforming Design

作　　者：张若愚 任红 陈光毅 林志 吴文[1] ZHANG Ruoyu;REN Hong;CHEN Guangyi;LIN Zhi;WU Wen(Key Laboratory of Near-Range RF Sensing ICs&Microsystems,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China;College of Electronic Engineering,National University of Defense Technology,Hefei 230037,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学近程射频感知芯片与微系统教育部重点实验室,南京210094 [2]国防科技大学电子对抗学院,合肥230037

出　　处：《电子与信息学报》2025年第3期687-695,共9页Journal of Electronics & Information Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(62201266,62201592,62471477);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20210335)。

摘　　要：无线通信设备数量的骤增造成频谱资源日益稀缺,通信用频逐渐向更高频段扩展,从而导致通信与雷达频段出现越来越多的重叠,雷达通信一体化被视为解决频谱拥挤实现高效共生的潜在技术。该文考虑一个多输入多输出(MIMO)雷达通信一体化系统,在实现目标探测的同时进行多用户通信。首先,在满足多用户信干噪比和总功率约束的条件下,最大化目标方向的波束图增益。然后,针对一体化发射波束成形设计问题,提出基于半正定松弛(SDR)和优化最小化(MM)的两种波束成形设计方案,求解得到发射波束成形矢量。最后,仿真结果表明基于MM的方案复杂度更低,并且能够实现与基于SDR的方案几乎相同的波束图增益。此外,随着发射天线数量的增加,基于MM的方案相比于基于SDR的方案复杂度的降低程度变得更为显著。Objective The rapid growth in the number of wireless communication devices has led to the expansion of frequency bands to higher frequencies,resulting in increased overlap between communication and radar systems.Dual-Functional Radar-Communication(DFRC),which shares spectrum resources on the same hardware platform,is an effective solution to address spectrum congestion.The integration of Multiple-Input Multiple-Output(MIMO)technology,which employs multi-antenna techniques,with DFRC is crucial for achieving both high-precision detection and large-capacity communication.Beamforming technology plays a key role in efficiently allocating resources between these two requirements,further enhancing the collaborative gain of DFRC systems.Beampattern gain,a critical performance metric for target detection,makes it essential to investigate beamforming designs that maximize this gain in MIMO DFRC systems.Methods An MIMO DFRC system is considered,which simultaneously achieves target detection and Multi-User(MU)communication.First,a beamforming problem is formulated to maximize the beampattern gain in the target direction,while satisfying MU Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio(SINR)and total power constraints.To address this beamforming design problem,two methods based on Semidefinite Relaxation(SDR)and Majorization Minimization(MM)are proposed to solve for the transmit beamforming vectors.Specifically,the SDR-based method transforms the beamforming problem into a semidefinite programming problem by introducing auxiliary variables and relaxing the rank-one constraint.The MM-based method,on the other hand,uses the first-order Taylor expansion to construct a cost function from the objective function,transforms the SINR constraint into a second-order cone constraint,and iteratively solves the simplified problem.Results and Discussions The convergence curves of the SDR-based and MM-based beamforming design schemes are shown(Figure 2).The results indicate that the MM-based method can achieve almost the same beampattern gain as

关 键 词：雷达通信一体化 多输入多输出 波束成形 波束图增益 优化最小化 

分 类 号：TN929.5[电子电信—通信与信息系统]