基于区块链的协作式车联网信任管理方案  

Trust Management Scheme for Collaborative Internet of Vehicles Based on Blockchain

作　　者：张海波[1] 谭茂煌 徐勇军[1] 李方伟 王明月 ZHANG Haibo;TAN Maohuang;XU Yongjun;LI Fangwei;WANG Mingyue(School of Communications and Information Engineering,Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Chongqing 400065,China;Chongqing Key Laboratory of Public Big Data Security Technology,Chongqing 401420,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆邮电大学通信与信息工程学院,重庆400065 [2]公共大数据安全技术重庆市重点实验室,重庆401420

出　　处：《电子与信息学报》2025年第3期720-728,共9页Journal of Electronics & Information Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(SQ2023YFB250002402);国家自然科学基金(62371082);公共大数据安全技术重庆市重点实验室开放基金(CQKL-QJ202300002);重庆市自然科学基金(CSTB2023NSCQ-BSX0007)。

摘　　要：针对车联网(IoV)中传统信任管理方案对恶意车辆的识别假阳率高、无法满足多样化服务且传统共识算法不适用于当前车联网环境的问题,该文提出了基于区块链的协作式车联网信任管理方案。构建了基于狄利克雷分布的信任管理模型,将车辆信任和协作服务划分为多个等级,针对不同服务调整信任等级阈值。设计了具有反馈机制的信任等级评价算法,考虑协作车辆当前状态、邻居推荐、历史信任信息、服务质量4方面因素,从协作前、后两阶段对协作车辆信任等级进行评价。改进了传统的工作量证明(PoW)共识算法,动态调整矿工节点出块难度。仿真结果表明,相比同类方案,所提方案在保证能够高效识别恶意节点的前提下,还能够进一步降低识别假阳率,提高协作成功率和共识效率。Objective The Internet of Vehicles(IoV)plays a pivotal role in the development of modern intelligent transportation systems.It enables seamless communication among vehicles,road infrastructure,and pedestrians,thereby improving traffic management,enhancing driving experiences,and optimizing resource utilization.However,existing IoV systems face a range of complex and urgent challenges.A major issue is the high false positive rate in identifying malicious vehicles.These vehicles,intending to disrupt network operations,may engage in harmful activities such as dropping packets or delaying transmissions.This not only compromises data transmission integrity but also poses a serious threat to the overall security and reliability of the IoV network.Furthermore,inaccurate identification may lead to the wrongful penalization of legitimate vehicles,disrupting their normal operations.Another challenge stems from the diverse and complex service requirements within IoV.These range from entertainment services that enhance user experience,to traffic efficiency services aimed at optimizing traffic flow,and highly sensitive services related to traffic safety and privacy.Unfortunately,existing solutions fail to adequately address these varied needs,leading to suboptimal service delivery and potential security risks.Traditional consensus algorithms also face significant limitations in the dynamic IoV environment.The high resource consumption and low efficiency of these algorithms not only waste valuable computational resources but also hinder timely and accurate information processing,affecting the overall performance of the IoV system.To address these issues,it is critical to develop an innovative solution to enhance the security,reliability,and adaptability of IoV systems.This paper proposes a collaborative trust management scheme based on blockchain technology,which aims to address these challenges and improve the overall performance of IoV.Methods To address the challenges outlined above,a comprehensive set of methods is designe

关 键 词：车联网 信任管理 区块链 车辆协作 共识算法 

分 类 号：TN92[电子电信—通信与信息系统]